1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  29 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
  30 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  31 #include "memory/cardTableRS.hpp"
  32 #include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  33 #include "memory/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  35 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  36 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  37 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  38 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  39 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  40 #include "services/management.hpp"
  41 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  42 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  43 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  44 #include "utilities/taskqueue.hpp"
  45 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_linux
  46 # include "os_linux.inline.hpp"
  47 #endif
  48 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_solaris
  49 # include "os_solaris.inline.hpp"
  50 #endif
  51 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_windows
  52 # include "os_windows.inline.hpp"
  53 #endif
  54 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_aix
  55 # include "os_aix.inline.hpp"
  56 #endif
  57 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_bsd
  58 # include "os_bsd.inline.hpp"
  59 #endif
  60 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  61 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/compactibleFreeListSpace.hpp"
  62 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  63 #include "gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
  64 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  65 
  66 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  67 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.sun.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  68 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  69 
  70 // Disable options not supported in this release, with a warning if they
  71 // were explicitly requested on the command-line
  72 #define UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(opt, description)                    \
  73 do {                                                            \
  74   if (opt) {                                                    \
  75     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(opt)) {                                 \
  76       warning(description " is disabled in this release.");     \
  77     }                                                           \
  78     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(opt, false);                               \
  79   }                                                             \
  80 } while(0)
  81 
  82 #define UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(gc)                                     \
  83 do {                                                                  \
  84   if (gc) {                                                           \
  85     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(gc)) {                                        \
  86       warning(#gc " is not supported in this VM.  Using Serial GC."); \
  87     }                                                                 \
  88     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(gc, false);                                      \
  89   }                                                                   \
  90 } while(0)
  91 
  92 char**  Arguments::_jvm_flags_array             = NULL;
  93 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_flags               = 0;
  94 char**  Arguments::_jvm_args_array              = NULL;
  95 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_args                = 0;
  96 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  97 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  98 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  99 bool   Arguments::_has_profile                  = false;
 100 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
 101 uintx  Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
 102 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
 103 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
 104 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
 105 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
 106 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
 107 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
 108 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
 109 
 110 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args(JavaVMInitArgs*)
 111 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
 112 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
 113 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
 114 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
 115 
 116 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
 117 
 118 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
 119 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
 120 
 121 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 122 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 123 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 124 
 125 
 126 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_ext_dirs = NULL;
 127 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_endorsed_dirs = NULL;
 128 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 129 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 130 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 131 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 132 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_class_path = NULL;
 133 
 134 char* Arguments::_meta_index_path = NULL;
 135 char* Arguments::_meta_index_dir = NULL;
 136 
 137 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' remaining part of option string
 138 
 139 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 140                          const char** tail) {
 141   int len = (int)strlen(name);
 142   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 143     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 144     return true;
 145   } else {
 146     return false;
 147   }
 148 }
 149 
 150 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 151   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 152     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 153   }
 154 }
 155 
 156 // Process java launcher properties.
 157 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 158   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 159   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 160   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 161   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 162   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 163     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 164     const char* tail;
 165 
 166     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 167       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 168       continue;
 169     }
 170     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 171       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 172         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 173       }
 174       continue;
 175     }
 176     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 177       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 178       continue;
 179     }
 180   }
 181 }
 182 
 183 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 184 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 185 
 186   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 187                                                                  "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 188   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 189   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 190   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 191 
 192   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 193   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 194   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 195   _java_ext_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.ext.dirs", NULL,  true);
 196   _java_endorsed_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.endorsed.dirs", NULL,  true);
 197   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 198   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 199   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 200   _sun_boot_class_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.class.path", NULL,  true);
 201 
 202   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 203 
 204   // Add to System Property list.
 205   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_ext_dirs);
 206   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_endorsed_dirs);
 207   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 208   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 209   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 210   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 211   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_class_path);
 212 
 213   // Set OS specific system properties values
 214   os::init_system_properties_values();
 215 }
 216 
 217 
 218   // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 219 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 220   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 221   char buffer[bufsz];
 222   const char* spec_vendor = "Sun Microsystems Inc.";
 223   uint32_t spec_version = 0;
 224 
 225   if (JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk17x_version()) {
 226     spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 227     spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 228   }
 229   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, "1." UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 230 
 231   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 232       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 233   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 234       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 235   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 236       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 237 }
 238 
 239 /**
 240  * Provide a slightly more user-friendly way of eliminating -XX flags.
 241  * When a flag is eliminated, it can be added to this list in order to
 242  * continue accepting this flag on the command-line, while issuing a warning
 243  * and ignoring the value.  Once the JDK version reaches the 'accept_until'
 244  * limit, we flatly refuse to admit the existence of the flag.  This allows
 245  * a flag to die correctly over JDK releases using HSX.
 246  */
 247 typedef struct {
 248   const char* name;
 249   JDK_Version obsoleted_in; // when the flag went away
 250   JDK_Version accept_until; // which version to start denying the existence
 251 } ObsoleteFlag;
 252 
 253 static ObsoleteFlag obsolete_jvm_flags[] = {
 254   { "UseTrainGC",                    JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 255   { "UseSpecialLargeObjectHandling", JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 256   { "UseOversizedCarHandling",       JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 257   { "TraceCarAllocation",            JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 258   { "PrintTrainGCProcessingStats",   JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 259   { "LogOfCarSpaceSize",             JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 260   { "OversizedCarThreshold",         JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 261   { "MinTickInterval",               JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 262   { "DefaultTickInterval",           JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 263   { "MaxTickInterval",               JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 264   { "DelayTickAdjustment",           JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 265   { "ProcessingToTenuringRatio",     JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 266   { "MinTrainLength",                JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 267   { "AppendRatio",         JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,10), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 268   { "DefaultMaxRAM",       JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,18), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 269   { "DefaultInitialRAMFraction",
 270                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,18), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 271   { "UseDepthFirstScavengeOrder",
 272                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,22), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 273   { "HandlePromotionFailure",
 274                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,24), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 275   { "MaxLiveObjectEvacuationRatio",
 276                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,24), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 277   { "ForceSharedSpaces",   JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,25), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 278   { "UseParallelOldGCCompacting",
 279                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 280   { "UseParallelDensePrefixUpdate",
 281                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 282   { "UseParallelOldGCDensePrefix",
 283                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 284   { "AllowTransitionalJSR292",       JDK_Version::jdk(7), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 285   { "UseCompressedStrings",          JDK_Version::jdk(7), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 286   { "CMSPermGenPrecleaningEnabled", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 287   { "CMSTriggerPermRatio", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 288   { "CMSInitiatingPermOccupancyFraction", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 289   { "AdaptivePermSizeWeight", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 290   { "PermGenPadding", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 291   { "PermMarkSweepDeadRatio", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 292   { "PermSize", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 293   { "MaxPermSize", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 294   { "MinPermHeapExpansion", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 295   { "MaxPermHeapExpansion", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 296   { "CMSRevisitStackSize",           JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 297   { "PrintRevisitStats",             JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 298   { "UseVectoredExceptions",         JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 299   { "UseSplitVerifier",              JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 300   { "UseISM",                        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 301   { "UsePermISM",                    JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 302   { "UseMPSS",                       JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 303   { "UseStringCache",                JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 304   { "UseOldInlining",                JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 305   { "SafepointPollOffset",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 306 #ifdef PRODUCT
 307   { "DesiredMethodLimit",
 308                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(7, 2), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 309 #endif // PRODUCT
 310   { "UseVMInterruptibleIO",          JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 311   { "UseBoundThreads",               JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 312   { "DefaultThreadPriority",         JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 313   { "NoYieldsInMicrolock",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 314   { "BackEdgeThreshold",             JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 315   { "UseNewReflection",              JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 316   { "ReflectionWrapResolutionErrors",JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 317   { "VerifyReflectionBytecodes",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 318   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 319 };
 320 
 321 // Returns true if the flag is obsolete and fits into the range specified
 322 // for being ignored.  In the case that the flag is ignored, the 'version'
 323 // value is filled in with the version number when the flag became
 324 // obsolete so that that value can be displayed to the user.
 325 bool Arguments::is_newly_obsolete(const char *s, JDK_Version* version) {
 326   int i = 0;
 327   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 328   while (obsolete_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL) {
 329     const ObsoleteFlag& flag_status = obsolete_jvm_flags[i];
 330     // <flag>=xxx form
 331     // [-|+]<flag> form
 332     if ((strncmp(flag_status.name, s, strlen(flag_status.name)) == 0) ||
 333         ((s[0] == '+' || s[0] == '-') &&
 334         (strncmp(flag_status.name, &s[1], strlen(flag_status.name)) == 0))) {
 335       if (JDK_Version::current().compare(flag_status.accept_until) == -1) {
 336           *version = flag_status.obsoleted_in;
 337           return true;
 338       }
 339     }
 340     i++;
 341   }
 342   return false;
 343 }
 344 
 345 // Constructs the system class path (aka boot class path) from the following
 346 // components, in order:
 347 //
 348 //     prefix           // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 349 //     endorsed         // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 350 //     base             // from os::get_system_properties() or -Xbootclasspath=
 351 //     suffix           // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 352 //
 353 // java.endorsed.dirs is a list of directories; any jar or zip files in the
 354 // directories are added to the sysclasspath just before the base.
 355 //
 356 // This could be AllStatic, but it isn't needed after argument processing is
 357 // complete.
 358 class SysClassPath: public StackObj {
 359 public:
 360   SysClassPath(const char* base);
 361   ~SysClassPath();
 362 
 363   inline void set_base(const char* base);
 364   inline void add_prefix(const char* prefix);
 365   inline void add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix);
 366   inline void add_suffix(const char* suffix);
 367   inline void reset_path(const char* base);
 368 
 369   // Expand the jar/zip files in each directory listed by the java.endorsed.dirs
 370   // property.  Must be called after all command-line arguments have been
 371   // processed (in particular, -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...) and before calling
 372   // combined_path().
 373   void expand_endorsed();
 374 
 375   inline const char* get_base()     const { return _items[_scp_base]; }
 376   inline const char* get_prefix()   const { return _items[_scp_prefix]; }
 377   inline const char* get_suffix()   const { return _items[_scp_suffix]; }
 378   inline const char* get_endorsed() const { return _items[_scp_endorsed]; }
 379 
 380   // Combine all the components into a single c-heap-allocated string; caller
 381   // must free the string if/when no longer needed.
 382   char* combined_path();
 383 
 384 private:
 385   // Utility routines.
 386   static char* add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend);
 387   static char* add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory);
 388 
 389   inline void reset_item_at(int index);
 390 
 391   // Array indices for the items that make up the sysclasspath.  All except the
 392   // base are allocated in the C heap and freed by this class.
 393   enum {
 394     _scp_prefix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 395     _scp_endorsed,      // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 396     _scp_base,          // the default sysclasspath
 397     _scp_suffix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 398     _scp_nitems         // the number of items, must be last.
 399   };
 400 
 401   const char* _items[_scp_nitems];
 402   DEBUG_ONLY(bool _expansion_done;)
 403 };
 404 
 405 SysClassPath::SysClassPath(const char* base) {
 406   memset(_items, 0, sizeof(_items));
 407   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 408   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 409 }
 410 
 411 SysClassPath::~SysClassPath() {
 412   // Free everything except the base.
 413   for (int i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 414     if (i != _scp_base) reset_item_at(i);
 415   }
 416   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 417 }
 418 
 419 inline void SysClassPath::set_base(const char* base) {
 420   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 421 }
 422 
 423 inline void SysClassPath::add_prefix(const char* prefix) {
 424   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], prefix, true);
 425 }
 426 
 427 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix) {
 428   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], suffix, false);
 429 }
 430 
 431 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix(const char* suffix) {
 432   _items[_scp_suffix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_suffix], suffix, false);
 433 }
 434 
 435 inline void SysClassPath::reset_item_at(int index) {
 436   assert(index < _scp_nitems && index != _scp_base, "just checking");
 437   if (_items[index] != NULL) {
 438     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _items[index], mtInternal);
 439     _items[index] = NULL;
 440   }
 441 }
 442 
 443 inline void SysClassPath::reset_path(const char* base) {
 444   // Clear the prefix and suffix.
 445   reset_item_at(_scp_prefix);
 446   reset_item_at(_scp_suffix);
 447   set_base(base);
 448 }
 449 
 450 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 451 
 452 void SysClassPath::expand_endorsed() {
 453   assert(_items[_scp_endorsed] == NULL, "can only be called once.");
 454 
 455   const char* path = Arguments::get_property("java.endorsed.dirs");
 456   if (path == NULL) {
 457     path = Arguments::get_endorsed_dir();
 458     assert(path != NULL, "no default for java.endorsed.dirs");
 459   }
 460 
 461   char* expanded_path = NULL;
 462   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 463   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
 464   while (path < end) {
 465     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
 466     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
 467       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, path);
 468       path = end;
 469     } else {
 470       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtInternal);
 471       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
 472       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
 473       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, dirpath);
 474       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath, mtInternal);
 475       path = tmp_end + 1;
 476     }
 477   }
 478   _items[_scp_endorsed] = expanded_path;
 479   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = true;)
 480 }
 481 
 482 // Combine the bootclasspath elements, some of which may be null, into a single
 483 // c-heap-allocated string.
 484 char* SysClassPath::combined_path() {
 485   assert(_items[_scp_base] != NULL, "empty default sysclasspath");
 486   assert(_expansion_done, "must call expand_endorsed() first.");
 487 
 488   size_t lengths[_scp_nitems];
 489   size_t total_len = 0;
 490 
 491   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 492 
 493   // Get the lengths.
 494   int i;
 495   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 496     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 497       lengths[i] = strlen(_items[i]);
 498       // Include space for the separator char (or a NULL for the last item).
 499       total_len += lengths[i] + 1;
 500     }
 501   }
 502   assert(total_len > 0, "empty sysclasspath not allowed");
 503 
 504   // Copy the _items to a single string.
 505   char* cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, total_len, mtInternal);
 506   char* cp_tmp = cp;
 507   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 508     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 509       memcpy(cp_tmp, _items[i], lengths[i]);
 510       cp_tmp += lengths[i];
 511       *cp_tmp++ = separator;
 512     }
 513   }
 514   *--cp_tmp = '\0';     // Replace the extra separator.
 515   return cp;
 516 }
 517 
 518 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 519 char*
 520 SysClassPath::add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend) {
 521   char *cp;
 522 
 523   assert(str != NULL, "just checking");
 524   if (path == NULL) {
 525     size_t len = strlen(str) + 1;
 526     cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 527     memcpy(cp, str, len);                       // copy the trailing null
 528   } else {
 529     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 530     size_t old_len = strlen(path);
 531     size_t str_len = strlen(str);
 532     size_t len = old_len + str_len + 2;
 533 
 534     if (prepend) {
 535       cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 536       char* cp_tmp = cp;
 537       memcpy(cp_tmp, str, str_len);
 538       cp_tmp += str_len;
 539       *cp_tmp = separator;
 540       memcpy(++cp_tmp, path, old_len + 1);      // copy the trailing null
 541       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, mtInternal);
 542     } else {
 543       cp = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, len, mtInternal);
 544       char* cp_tmp = cp + old_len;
 545       *cp_tmp = separator;
 546       memcpy(++cp_tmp, str, str_len + 1);       // copy the trailing null
 547     }
 548   }
 549   return cp;
 550 }
 551 
 552 // Scan the directory and append any jar or zip files found to path.
 553 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 554 char* SysClassPath::add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory) {
 555   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
 556   if (dir == NULL) return path;
 557 
 558   char dir_sep[2] = { '\0', '\0' };
 559   size_t directory_len = strlen(directory);
 560   const char fileSep = *os::file_separator();
 561   if (directory[directory_len - 1] != fileSep) dir_sep[0] = fileSep;
 562 
 563   /* Scan the directory for jars/zips, appending them to path. */
 564   struct dirent *entry;
 565   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtInternal);
 566   while ((entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
 567     const char* name = entry->d_name;
 568     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
 569     bool isJarOrZip = ext > name &&
 570       (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0 ||
 571        os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".zip") == 0);
 572     if (isJarOrZip) {
 573       char* jarpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, directory_len + 2 + strlen(name), mtInternal);
 574       sprintf(jarpath, "%s%s%s", directory, dir_sep, name);
 575       path = add_to_path(path, jarpath, false);
 576       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jarpath, mtInternal);
 577     }
 578   }
 579   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf, mtInternal);
 580   os::closedir(dir);
 581   return path;
 582 }
 583 
 584 // Parses a memory size specification string.
 585 static bool atomull(const char *s, julong* result) {
 586   julong n = 0;
 587   int args_read = 0;
 588   bool is_hex = false;
 589   // Skip leading 0[xX] for hexadecimal
 590   if (*s =='0' && (*(s+1) == 'x' || *(s+1) == 'X')) {
 591     s += 2;
 592     is_hex = true;
 593     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT_X, &n);
 594   } else {
 595     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT, &n);
 596   }
 597   if (args_read != 1) {
 598     return false;
 599   }
 600   while (*s != '\0' && (isdigit(*s) || (is_hex && isxdigit(*s)))) {
 601     s++;
 602   }
 603   // 4705540: illegal if more characters are found after the first non-digit
 604   if (strlen(s) > 1) {
 605     return false;
 606   }
 607   switch (*s) {
 608     case 'T': case 't':
 609       *result = n * G * K;
 610       // Check for overflow.
 611       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 612       return true;
 613     case 'G': case 'g':
 614       *result = n * G;
 615       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 616       return true;
 617     case 'M': case 'm':
 618       *result = n * M;
 619       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 620       return true;
 621     case 'K': case 'k':
 622       *result = n * K;
 623       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 624       return true;
 625     case '\0':
 626       *result = n;
 627       return true;
 628     default:
 629       return false;
 630   }
 631 }
 632 
 633 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size) {
 634   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 635   // Check that size will fit in a size_t (only relevant on 32-bit)
 636   if (size > max_uintx) return arg_too_big;
 637   return arg_in_range;
 638 }
 639 
 640 // Describe an argument out of range error
 641 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 642   switch(errcode) {
 643   case arg_too_big:
 644     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 645                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 646                 "representable size.\n");
 647     break;
 648   case arg_too_small:
 649   case arg_unreadable:
 650   case arg_in_range:
 651     // do nothing for now
 652     break;
 653   default:
 654     ShouldNotReachHere();
 655   }
 656 }
 657 
 658 static bool set_bool_flag(char* name, bool value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 659   return CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 660 }
 661 
 662 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 663   double v;
 664   if (sscanf(value, "%lf", &v) != 1) {
 665     return false;
 666   }
 667 
 668   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin)) {
 669     return true;
 670   }
 671   return false;
 672 }
 673 
 674 static bool set_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 675   julong v;
 676   intx intx_v;
 677   bool is_neg = false;
 678   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
 679   if (*value == '-') {
 680     if (!CommandLineFlags::intxAt(name, &intx_v)) {
 681       return false;
 682     }
 683     value++;
 684     is_neg = true;
 685   }
 686   if (!atomull(value, &v)) {
 687     return false;
 688   }
 689   intx_v = (intx) v;
 690   if (is_neg) {
 691     intx_v = -intx_v;
 692   }
 693   if (CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(name, &intx_v, origin)) {
 694     return true;
 695   }
 696   uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 697   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(name, &uintx_v, origin)) {
 698     return true;
 699   }
 700   uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 701   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(name, &uint64_t_v, origin)) {
 702     return true;
 703   }
 704   return false;
 705 }
 706 
 707 static bool set_string_flag(char* name, const char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 708   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin))  return false;
 709   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 710   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value, mtInternal);
 711   return true;
 712 }
 713 
 714 static bool append_to_string_flag(char* name, const char* new_value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 715   const char* old_value = "";
 716   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value))  return false;
 717   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 718   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 719   const char* value;
 720   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 721   if (old_len == 0) {
 722     value = new_value;
 723   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 724     value = old_value;
 725   } else {
 726     char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, old_len + 1 + new_len + 1, mtInternal);
 727     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 728     sprintf(buf, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 729     value = buf;
 730     free_this_too = buf;
 731   }
 732   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 733   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 734   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value, mtInternal);
 735   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 736     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 737     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too, mtInternal);
 738   }
 739   return true;
 740 }
 741 
 742 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, Flag::Flags origin) {
 743 
 744   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 745 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 746 #define BUFLEN 255
 747   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 748   char dummy;
 749 
 750   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 751     return set_bool_flag(name, false, origin);
 752   }
 753   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 754     return set_bool_flag(name, true, origin);
 755   }
 756 
 757   char punct;
 758   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 759     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 760     Flag* flag = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 761     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 762       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 763         return append_to_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 764       } else {
 765         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 766           value = NULL;
 767         }
 768         return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 769       }
 770     }
 771   }
 772 
 773   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 774     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 775     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 776     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 777       value = NULL;
 778     }
 779     return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 780   }
 781 
 782 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.]"
 783 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 784 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789]"
 785   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 786   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 787   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 788     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 789     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 790       return set_fp_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 791     }
 792   }
 793 
 794 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
 795   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 796     return set_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 797   }
 798 
 799   return false;
 800 }
 801 
 802 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 803   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 804 
 805   if (arg == NULL) {
 806     return;
 807   }
 808 
 809   int new_count = *count + 1;
 810 
 811   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 812   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 813     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtInternal);
 814   } else {
 815     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtInternal);
 816   }
 817   (*bldarray)[*count] = strdup(arg);
 818   *count = new_count;
 819 }
 820 
 821 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 822   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 823 }
 824 
 825 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 826   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 827 }
 828 
 829 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 830 // strings in a given char** array
 831 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 832   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 833     return NULL;
 834   }
 835   size_t length = strlen(args[0]) + 1; // add 1 for the null terminator
 836   for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
 837     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space
 838   }
 839   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
 840   strcpy(s, args[0]);
 841   for (int j = 1; j < count; j++) {
 842     strcat(s, " ");
 843     strcat(s, args[j]);
 844   }
 845   return (const char*) s;
 846 }
 847 
 848 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
 849   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
 850   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 851     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 852   }
 853   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 854     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
 855   }
 856   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
 857   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
 858     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
 859     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
 860   }
 861   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
 862 }
 863 
 864 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
 865   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
 866     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
 867       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
 868     }
 869     st->cr();
 870   }
 871 }
 872 
 873 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
 874   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
 875     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
 876       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
 877     }
 878     st->cr();
 879   }
 880 }
 881 
 882 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
 883     jboolean ignore_unrecognized, Flag::Flags origin) {
 884 
 885   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 886 
 887   if (parse_argument(arg, origin) || ignore_unrecognized) {
 888     return true;
 889   }
 890 
 891   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
 892   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
 893   if (is_newly_obsolete(arg, &since)) {
 894     char version[256];
 895     since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 896     warning("ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", argname, version);
 897     return true;
 898   }
 899 
 900   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
 901   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
 902 
 903   size_t arg_len;
 904   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
 905   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
 906     arg_len = strlen(argname);
 907   } else {
 908     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
 909   }
 910 
 911   Flag* found_flag = Flag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
 912   if (found_flag != NULL) {
 913     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
 914     found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
 915     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
 916       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
 917         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 918           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 919       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
 920         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 921           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 922       } else {
 923         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 924           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 925       }
 926     } else {
 927       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
 928     }
 929   } else {
 930     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 931                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 932     Flag* fuzzy_matched = Flag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
 933     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
 934       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 935                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'?\n",
 936                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
 937                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
 938                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
 939     }
 940   }
 941 
 942   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
 943   return arg[0] == '#';
 944 }
 945 
 946 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
 947   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
 948   if (stream == NULL) {
 949     if (should_exist) {
 950       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 951                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
 952       return false;
 953     } else {
 954       return true;
 955     }
 956   }
 957 
 958   char token[1024];
 959   int  pos = 0;
 960 
 961   bool in_white_space = true;
 962   bool in_comment     = false;
 963   bool in_quote       = false;
 964   char quote_c        = 0;
 965   bool result         = true;
 966 
 967   int c = getc(stream);
 968   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
 969     if (in_white_space) {
 970       if (in_comment) {
 971         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
 972       } else {
 973         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
 974         else if (!isspace(c)) {
 975           in_white_space = false;
 976           token[pos++] = c;
 977         }
 978       }
 979     } else {
 980       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
 981         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
 982         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
 983         token[pos] = '\0';
 984         logOption(token);
 985         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
 986         build_jvm_flags(token);
 987         pos = 0;
 988         in_white_space = true;
 989         in_quote = false;
 990       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
 991         in_quote = true;
 992         quote_c = c;
 993       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
 994         in_quote = false;
 995       } else {
 996         token[pos++] = c;
 997       }
 998     }
 999     c = getc(stream);
1000   }
1001   if (pos > 0) {
1002     token[pos] = '\0';
1003     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1004     build_jvm_flags(token);
1005   }
1006   fclose(stream);
1007   return result;
1008 }
1009 
1010 //=============================================================================================================
1011 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1012 
1013 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1014   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1015 }
1016 
1017 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop) {
1018   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1019   char* key;
1020   // ns must be static--its address may be stored in a SystemProperty object.
1021   const static char ns[1] = {0};
1022   char* value = (char *)ns;
1023 
1024   size_t key_len = (eq == NULL) ? strlen(prop) : (eq - prop);
1025   key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtInternal);
1026   strncpy(key, prop, key_len);
1027   key[key_len] = '\0';
1028 
1029   if (eq != NULL) {
1030     size_t value_len = strlen(prop) - key_len - 1;
1031     value = AllocateHeap(value_len + 1, mtInternal);
1032     strncpy(value, &prop[key_len + 1], value_len + 1);
1033   }
1034 
1035   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1036     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1037     FreeHeap(key);
1038     if (eq != NULL) {
1039       FreeHeap(value);
1040     }
1041     return true;
1042   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1043     _java_command = value;
1044 
1045     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1046   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1047              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1048     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1049     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1050     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1051     FreeHeap(key);
1052     if (eq != NULL) {
1053       FreeHeap(value);
1054     }
1055     return true;
1056   } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1057     // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1058     // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1059     _java_vendor_url_bug = value;
1060   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1061     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, true);
1062     return true;
1063   }
1064   // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1065   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value);
1066   return true;
1067 }
1068 
1069 //===========================================================================================================
1070 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1071 
1072 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1073   // Set up default values for all flags.
1074   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1075   // add a default value for it here.
1076   set_java_compiler(false);
1077   _mode                      = mode;
1078 
1079   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1080   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1081   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1082                           (char*)VM_Version::vm_info_string(), false);
1083 
1084   UseInterpreter             = true;
1085   UseCompiler                = true;
1086   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1087 
1088 #ifndef ZERO
1089   // Turn these off for mixed and comp.  Leave them on for Zero.
1090   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseFastAccessorMethods)) {
1091     UseFastAccessorMethods = (mode == _int);
1092   }
1093   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseFastEmptyMethods)) {
1094     UseFastEmptyMethods = (mode == _int);
1095   }
1096 #endif
1097 
1098   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1099   // use the saved values
1100   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1101   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1102   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1103   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1104 
1105   // Change from defaults based on mode
1106   switch (mode) {
1107   default:
1108     ShouldNotReachHere();
1109     break;
1110   case _int:
1111     UseCompiler              = false;
1112     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1113     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1114     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1115     break;
1116   case _mixed:
1117     // same as default
1118     break;
1119   case _comp:
1120     UseInterpreter           = false;
1121     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1122     ClipInlining             = false;
1123     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1124     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1125     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1126     if (TieredCompilation) {
1127       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1128       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1129     }
1130     break;
1131   }
1132 }
1133 
1134 #if defined(COMPILER2) || defined(_LP64) || !INCLUDE_CDS
1135 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1136 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1137 
1138 static void no_shared_spaces() {
1139   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1140     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1141       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1142     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", NULL);
1143   } else {
1144     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1145   }
1146 }
1147 #endif
1148 
1149 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1150   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1151   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1152     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1153   }
1154   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1155     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1156       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1157   }
1158   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1159   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1160     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 5);
1161   }
1162   if (!UseInterpreter) { // -Xcomp
1163     Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1164     Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1165   }
1166 }
1167 
1168 /**
1169  * Returns the minimum number of compiler threads needed to run the JVM. The following
1170  * configurations are possible.
1171  *
1172  * 1) The JVM is build using an interpreter only. As a result, the minimum number of
1173  *    compiler threads is 0.
1174  * 2) The JVM is build using the compiler(s) and tiered compilation is disabled. As
1175  *    a result, either C1 or C2 is used, so the minimum number of compiler threads is 1.
1176  * 3) The JVM is build using the compiler(s) and tiered compilation is enabled. However,
1177  *    the option "TieredStopAtLevel < CompLevel_full_optimization". As a result, only
1178  *    C1 can be used, so the minimum number of compiler threads is 1.
1179  * 4) The JVM is build using the compilers and tiered compilation is enabled. The option
1180  *    'TieredStopAtLevel = CompLevel_full_optimization' (the default value). As a result,
1181  *    the minimum number of compiler threads is 2.
1182  */
1183 int Arguments::get_min_number_of_compiler_threads() {
1184 #if !defined(COMPILER1) && !defined(COMPILER2) && !defined(SHARK)
1185   return 0;   // case 1
1186 #else
1187   if (!TieredCompilation || (TieredStopAtLevel < CompLevel_full_optimization)) {
1188     return 1; // case 2 or case 3
1189   }
1190   return 2;   // case 4 (tiered)
1191 #endif
1192 }
1193 
1194 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1195 static void disable_adaptive_size_policy(const char* collector_name) {
1196   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1197     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
1198       warning("disabling UseAdaptiveSizePolicy; it is incompatible with %s.",
1199               collector_name);
1200     }
1201     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
1202   }
1203 }
1204 
1205 void Arguments::set_parnew_gc_flags() {
1206   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && !UseG1GC,
1207          "control point invariant");
1208   assert(UseParNewGC, "Error");
1209 
1210   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy for parnew until it is complete.
1211   disable_adaptive_size_policy("UseParNewGC");
1212 
1213   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads)) {
1214     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1215     assert(ParallelGCThreads > 0, "We should always have at least one thread by default");
1216   } else if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1217     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1218         "The ParNew GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1219     vm_exit(1);
1220   }
1221 
1222   // By default YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize are set to 4096 and 1024 respectively,
1223   // these settings are default for Parallel Scavenger. For ParNew+Tenured configuration
1224   // we set them to 1024 and 1024.
1225   // See CR 6362902.
1226   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize)) {
1227     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1228   }
1229   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1230     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1231   }
1232 
1233   // When using compressed oops, we use local overflow stacks,
1234   // rather than using a global overflow list chained through
1235   // the klass word of the object's pre-image.
1236   if (UseCompressedOops && !ParGCUseLocalOverflow) {
1237     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow)) {
1238       warning("Forcing +ParGCUseLocalOverflow: needed if using compressed references");
1239     }
1240     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow, true);
1241   }
1242   assert(ParGCUseLocalOverflow || !UseCompressedOops, "Error");
1243 }
1244 
1245 // Adjust some sizes to suit CMS and/or ParNew needs; these work well on
1246 // sparc/solaris for certain applications, but would gain from
1247 // further optimization and tuning efforts, and would almost
1248 // certainly gain from analysis of platform and environment.
1249 void Arguments::set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags() {
1250   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC, "Error");
1251   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1252 
1253   // If we are using CMS, we prefer to UseParNewGC,
1254   // unless explicitly forbidden.
1255   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC)) {
1256     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParNewGC, true);
1257   }
1258 
1259   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for cms until it is complete.
1260   disable_adaptive_size_policy("UseConcMarkSweepGC");
1261 
1262   // In either case, adjust ParallelGCThreads and/or UseParNewGC
1263   // as needed.
1264   if (UseParNewGC) {
1265     set_parnew_gc_flags();
1266   }
1267 
1268   size_t max_heap = align_size_down(MaxHeapSize,
1269                                     CardTableRS::ct_max_alignment_constraint());
1270 
1271   // Now make adjustments for CMS
1272   intx   tenuring_default = (intx)6;
1273   size_t young_gen_per_worker = CMSYoungGenPerWorker;
1274 
1275   // Preferred young gen size for "short" pauses:
1276   // upper bound depends on # of threads and NewRatio.
1277   const uintx parallel_gc_threads =
1278     (ParallelGCThreads == 0 ? 1 : ParallelGCThreads);
1279   const size_t preferred_max_new_size_unaligned =
1280     MIN2(max_heap/(NewRatio+1), ScaleForWordSize(young_gen_per_worker * parallel_gc_threads));
1281   size_t preferred_max_new_size =
1282     align_size_up(preferred_max_new_size_unaligned, os::vm_page_size());
1283 
1284   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size young gen
1285   // for "short" pauses ~ CMSYoungGenPerWorker*ParallelGCThreads
1286 
1287   // If either MaxNewSize or NewRatio is set on the command line,
1288   // assume the user is trying to set the size of the young gen.
1289   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewRatio)) {
1290 
1291     // Set MaxNewSize to our calculated preferred_max_new_size unless
1292     // NewSize was set on the command line and it is larger than
1293     // preferred_max_new_size.
1294     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {   // NewSize explicitly set at command-line
1295       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, MAX2(NewSize, preferred_max_new_size));
1296     } else {
1297       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, preferred_max_new_size);
1298     }
1299     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1300       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1301       tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set MaxNewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, MaxNewSize);
1302     }
1303 
1304     // Code along this path potentially sets NewSize and OldSize
1305     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1306       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1307       tty->print_cr("CMS set min_heap_size: " SIZE_FORMAT
1308            " initial_heap_size:  " SIZE_FORMAT
1309            " max_heap: " SIZE_FORMAT,
1310            min_heap_size(), InitialHeapSize, max_heap);
1311     }
1312     size_t min_new = preferred_max_new_size;
1313     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewSize)) {
1314       min_new = NewSize;
1315     }
1316     if (max_heap > min_new && min_heap_size() > min_new) {
1317       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, make young gen
1318       // at least min_new, and at most preferred_max_new_size.
1319       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1320         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MAX2(NewSize, min_new));
1321         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MIN2(preferred_max_new_size, NewSize));
1322         if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1323           // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1324           tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set NewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, NewSize);
1325         }
1326       }
1327       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size old gen
1328       // so it's NewRatio x of NewSize.
1329       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldSize)) {
1330         if (max_heap > NewSize) {
1331           FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldSize, MIN2(NewRatio*NewSize, max_heap - NewSize));
1332           if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1333             // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1334             tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set OldSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, OldSize);
1335           }
1336         }
1337       }
1338     }
1339   }
1340   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, definitely
1341   // promote all objects surviving "tenuring_default" scavenges.
1342   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold) &&
1343       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1344     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, tenuring_default);
1345   }
1346   // If we decided above (or user explicitly requested)
1347   // `promote all' (via MaxTenuringThreshold := 0),
1348   // prefer minuscule survivor spaces so as not to waste
1349   // space for (non-existent) survivors
1350   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio) && MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
1351     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, SurvivorRatio, MAX2((uintx)1024, SurvivorRatio));
1352   }
1353   // If OldPLABSize is set and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is not,
1354   // set CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim equal to OldPLABSize.
1355   // This is done in order to make ParNew+CMS configuration to work
1356   // with YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize options.
1357   // See CR 6362902.
1358   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1359     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1360       // OldPLABSize is not the default value but CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim
1361       // is.  In this situation let CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim follow
1362       // the value (either from the command line or ergonomics) of
1363       // OldPLABSize.  Following OldPLABSize is an ergonomics decision.
1364       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, OldPLABSize);
1365     } else {
1366       // OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim are both set.
1367       // CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is a collector-specific flag, so
1368       // we'll let it to take precedence.
1369       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1370                   "Both OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim"
1371                   " options are specified for the CMS collector."
1372                   " CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim will take precedence.\n");
1373     }
1374   }
1375   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ResizeOldPLAB) && !ResizeOldPLAB) {
1376     // OldPLAB sizing manually turned off: Use a larger default setting,
1377     // unless it was manually specified. This is because a too-low value
1378     // will slow down scavenges.
1379     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1380       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, 50); // default value before 6631166
1381     }
1382   }
1383   // Overwrite OldPLABSize which is the variable we will internally use everywhere.
1384   FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldPLABSize, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim);
1385   // If either of the static initialization defaults have changed, note this
1386   // modification.
1387   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABWeight)) {
1388     CFLS_LAB::modify_initialization(OldPLABSize, OldPLABWeight);
1389   }
1390   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1391     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1392       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1393     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", (uint) ConcGCThreads);
1394   }
1395 }
1396 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1397 
1398 void set_object_alignment() {
1399   // Object alignment.
1400   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1401   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1402   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1403   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1404   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1405   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1406 
1407   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1408   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1409 
1410   // Oop encoding heap max
1411   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1412 
1413 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1414   // Set CMS global values
1415   CompactibleFreeListSpace::set_cms_values();
1416 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1417 }
1418 
1419 bool verify_object_alignment() {
1420   // Object alignment.
1421   if (!is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes)) {
1422     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1423                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be power of 2\n",
1424                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1425     return false;
1426   }
1427   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes < BytesPerLong) {
1428     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1429                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be greater or equal %d\n",
1430                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes, BytesPerLong);
1431     return false;
1432   }
1433   // It does not make sense to have big object alignment
1434   // since a space lost due to alignment will be greater
1435   // then a saved space from compressed oops.
1436   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes > 256) {
1437     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1438                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must not be greater than 256\n",
1439                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1440     return false;
1441   }
1442   // In case page size is very small.
1443   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes >= os::vm_page_size()) {
1444     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1445                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be less than page size %d\n",
1446                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes, os::vm_page_size());
1447     return false;
1448   }
1449   return true;
1450 }
1451 
1452 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1453   // Avoid sign flip.
1454   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1455   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1456   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1457   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1458   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1459   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_size_up_(os::vm_page_size(),
1460                                                         _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1461 
1462   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1463   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1464 }
1465 
1466 bool Arguments::should_auto_select_low_pause_collector() {
1467   if (UseAutoGCSelectPolicy &&
1468       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis) &&
1469       (MaxGCPauseMillis <= AutoGCSelectPauseMillis)) {
1470     if (PrintGCDetails) {
1471       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1472       tty->print_cr("Automatic selection of the low pause collector"
1473        " based on pause goal of %d (ms)", (int) MaxGCPauseMillis);
1474     }
1475     return true;
1476   }
1477   return false;
1478 }
1479 
1480 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1481 #ifndef ZERO
1482 #ifdef _LP64
1483   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1484   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1485   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1486   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1487 
1488   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1489 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1490     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1491       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1492     }
1493 #endif
1494 #ifdef _WIN64
1495     if (UseLargePages && UseCompressedOops) {
1496       // Cannot allocate guard pages for implicit checks in indexed addressing
1497       // mode, when large pages are specified on windows.
1498       // This flag could be switched ON if narrow oop base address is set to 0,
1499       // see code in Universe::initialize_heap().
1500       Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
1501     }
1502 #endif //  _WIN64
1503   } else {
1504     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1505       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1506       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1507       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1508     }
1509   }
1510 #endif // _LP64
1511 #endif // ZERO
1512 }
1513 
1514 
1515 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1516 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1517 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1518 #ifndef ZERO
1519 #ifdef _LP64
1520   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1521   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1522     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1523       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1524     }
1525     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1526   } else {
1527     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1528     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1529       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1530     }
1531     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1532     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1533       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1534         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1535         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1536       }
1537     }
1538   }
1539 #endif // _LP64
1540 #endif // !ZERO
1541 }
1542 
1543 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1544   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1545   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1546   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1547   // with.
1548   size_t heap_alignment = GenCollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1549 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1550   if (UseParallelGC) {
1551     heap_alignment = ParallelScavengeHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1552   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1553     heap_alignment = G1CollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1554   }
1555 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1556   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX3(heap_alignment, os::max_page_size(),
1557     CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1558 }
1559 
1560 void Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1561 
1562   if (os::is_server_class_machine()) {
1563     // If no other collector is requested explicitly,
1564     // let the VM select the collector based on
1565     // machine class and automatic selection policy.
1566     if (!UseSerialGC &&
1567         !UseConcMarkSweepGC &&
1568         !UseG1GC &&
1569         !UseParNewGC &&
1570         FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC)) {
1571       if (should_auto_select_low_pause_collector()) {
1572         FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1573       } else {
1574         FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
1575       }
1576     }
1577   }
1578 #ifdef COMPILER2
1579   // Shared spaces work fine with other GCs but causes bytecode rewriting
1580   // to be disabled, which hurts interpreter performance and decreases
1581   // server performance.  When -server is specified, keep the default off
1582   // unless it is asked for.  Future work: either add bytecode rewriting
1583   // at link time, or rewrite bytecodes in non-shared methods.
1584   if (!DumpSharedSpaces && !RequireSharedSpaces &&
1585       (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces) || !UseSharedSpaces)) {
1586     no_shared_spaces();
1587   }
1588 #endif
1589 
1590   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1591 
1592 #ifndef ZERO
1593 #ifdef _LP64
1594   set_use_compressed_oops();
1595 
1596   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1597   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1598   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1599 
1600   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1601   // in vm_version initialization code.
1602 #endif // _LP64
1603 #endif // !ZERO
1604 }
1605 
1606 void Arguments::set_parallel_gc_flags() {
1607   assert(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC, "Error");
1608   // Enable ParallelOld unless it was explicitly disabled (cmd line or rc file).
1609   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC)) {
1610     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC, true);
1611   }
1612   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, true);
1613 
1614   // If no heap maximum was requested explicitly, use some reasonable fraction
1615   // of the physical memory, up to a maximum of 1GB.
1616   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1617                    Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1618   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1619     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1620         "The Parallel GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1621     vm_exit(1);
1622   }
1623 
1624   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1625     // We don't want to limit adaptive heap sizing's freedom to adjust the heap
1626     // unless the user actually sets these flags.
1627     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
1628       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio, 0);
1629     }
1630     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
1631       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio, 100);
1632     }
1633   }
1634 
1635   // If InitialSurvivorRatio or MinSurvivorRatio were not specified, but the
1636   // SurvivorRatio has been set, reset their default values to SurvivorRatio +
1637   // 2.  By doing this we make SurvivorRatio also work for Parallel Scavenger.
1638   // See CR 6362902 for details.
1639   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1640     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio)) {
1641        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1642     }
1643     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio)) {
1644       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1645     }
1646   }
1647 
1648   if (UseParallelOldGC) {
1649     // Par compact uses lower default values since they are treated as
1650     // minimums.  These are different defaults because of the different
1651     // interpretation and are not ergonomically set.
1652     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1653       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio, 1);
1654     }
1655   }
1656 }
1657 
1658 void Arguments::set_g1_gc_flags() {
1659   assert(UseG1GC, "Error");
1660 #ifdef COMPILER1
1661   FastTLABRefill = false;
1662 #endif
1663   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1664                      Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1665   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1666     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1667                      Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1668   }
1669 
1670   // MarkStackSize will be set (if it hasn't been set by the user)
1671   // when concurrent marking is initialized.
1672   // Its value will be based upon the number of parallel marking threads.
1673   // But we do set the maximum mark stack size here.
1674   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax)) {
1675     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax, 128 * TASKQUEUE_SIZE);
1676   }
1677 
1678   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio) || GCTimeRatio == 0) {
1679     // In G1, we want the default GC overhead goal to be higher than
1680     // say in PS. So we set it here to 10%. Otherwise the heap might
1681     // be expanded more aggressively than we would like it to. In
1682     // fact, even 10% seems to not be high enough in some cases
1683     // (especially small GC stress tests that the main thing they do
1684     // is allocation). We might consider increase it further.
1685     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio, 9);
1686   }
1687 
1688   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1689     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1690       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1691     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", (uint) ConcGCThreads);
1692   }
1693 }
1694 
1695 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1696   julong max_allocatable;
1697   julong result = limit;
1698   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1699     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1700   }
1701   return result;
1702 }
1703 
1704 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1705 static const uintx DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1706 
1707 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1708   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
1709     // Deprecated flag
1710     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxRAMFraction, DefaultMaxRAMFraction);
1711   }
1712 
1713   const julong phys_mem =
1714     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1715                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1716 
1717   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1718   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1719   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1720   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1721     julong reasonable_max = phys_mem / MaxRAMFraction;
1722 
1723     if (phys_mem <= MaxHeapSize * MinRAMFraction) {
1724       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1725       reasonable_max = phys_mem / MinRAMFraction;
1726     } else {
1727       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1728       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1729       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1730     }
1731     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1732       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1733       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1734     }
1735     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1736       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1737       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1738 
1739       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1740       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1741         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1742           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1743           if (PrintCompressedOopsMode || (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose)) {
1744             jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1745                         "HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " UINTX_FORMAT
1746                         " (" UINTX_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given "
1747                         UINTX_FORMAT "\n",
1748                         DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1749                         DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1750                         HeapBaseMinAddress);
1751           }
1752           FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1753         }
1754       }
1755 
1756       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1757         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1758         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1759         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1760       }
1761       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1762     }
1763     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1764 
1765     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1766       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1767       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1768       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1769       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1770       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1771     }
1772 
1773     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1774       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1775       tty->print_cr("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1776     }
1777     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx)reasonable_max);
1778   }
1779 
1780   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1781   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1782   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1783     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1784 
1785     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1786 
1787     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1788 
1789     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1790       julong reasonable_initial = phys_mem / InitialRAMFraction;
1791 
1792       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1793       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1794 
1795       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1796 
1797       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1798         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1799         tty->print_cr("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (uintx)reasonable_initial);
1800       }
1801       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialHeapSize, (uintx)reasonable_initial);
1802     }
1803     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1804     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1805     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1806       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((uintx)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1807       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1808         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1809         tty->print_cr("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1810       }
1811     }
1812   }
1813 }
1814 
1815 // This must be called after ergonomics because we want bytecode rewriting
1816 // if the server compiler is used, or if UseSharedSpaces is disabled.
1817 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1818   // Better not attempt to store into a read-only space.
1819   if (UseSharedSpaces) {
1820     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteBytecodes, false);
1821     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1822   }
1823 
1824   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1825     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1826   }
1827 }
1828 
1829 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
1830 void Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1831 #ifdef COMPILER2
1832   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1833     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1834       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1835     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1836       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1837       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1838     }
1839     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1840       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1841     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1842       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1843       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1844     }
1845   }
1846   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1847     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1848       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1849     }
1850     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1851       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
1852     }
1853 
1854     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1855     char buffer[1024];
1856     sprintf(buffer, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
1857     add_property(buffer);
1858   }
1859   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
1860     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
1861   }
1862 #endif
1863 
1864   if (AggressiveOpts) {
1865 // Sample flag setting code
1866 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
1867 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
1868 //    }
1869   }
1870 }
1871 
1872 //===========================================================================================================
1873 // Parsing of java.compiler property
1874 
1875 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(char* arg) {
1876   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
1877   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
1878   // is also specified.
1879   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
1880     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
1881   }
1882 }
1883 
1884 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
1885   _sun_java_launcher = strdup(launcher);
1886 }
1887 
1888 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
1889   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
1890   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
1891 }
1892 
1893 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
1894   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
1895 }
1896 
1897 //===========================================================================================================
1898 // Parsing of main arguments
1899 
1900 bool Arguments::verify_interval(uintx val, uintx min,
1901                                 uintx max, const char* name) {
1902   // Returns true iff value is in the inclusive interval [min..max]
1903   // false, otherwise.
1904   if (val >= min && val <= max) {
1905     return true;
1906   }
1907   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1908               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between " UINTX_FORMAT
1909               " and " UINTX_FORMAT "\n",
1910               name, val, min, max);
1911   return false;
1912 }
1913 
1914 bool Arguments::verify_min_value(intx val, intx min, const char* name) {
1915   // Returns true if given value is at least specified min threshold
1916   // false, otherwise.
1917   if (val >= min ) {
1918       return true;
1919   }
1920   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1921               "%s of " INTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be at least " INTX_FORMAT "\n",
1922               name, val, min);
1923   return false;
1924 }
1925 
1926 bool Arguments::verify_percentage(uintx value, const char* name) {
1927   if (is_percentage(value)) {
1928     return true;
1929   }
1930   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1931               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between 0 and 100\n",
1932               name, value);
1933   return false;
1934 }
1935 
1936 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1937 #ifdef ASSERT
1938 static bool verify_serial_gc_flags() {
1939   return (UseSerialGC &&
1940         !(UseParNewGC || (UseConcMarkSweepGC || CMSIncrementalMode) || UseG1GC ||
1941           UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC));
1942 }
1943 #endif // ASSERT
1944 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1945 
1946 // check if do gclog rotation
1947 // +UseGCLogFileRotation is a must,
1948 // no gc log rotation when log file not supplied or
1949 // NumberOfGCLogFiles is 0
1950 void check_gclog_consistency() {
1951   if (UseGCLogFileRotation) {
1952     if ((Arguments::gc_log_filename() == NULL) || (NumberOfGCLogFiles == 0)) {
1953       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
1954                   "To enable GC log rotation, use -Xloggc:<filename> -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=<num_of_files>\n"
1955                   "where num_of_file > 0\n"
1956                   "GC log rotation is turned off\n");
1957       UseGCLogFileRotation = false;
1958     }
1959   }
1960 
1961   if (UseGCLogFileRotation && (GCLogFileSize != 0) && (GCLogFileSize < 8*K)) {
1962     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, GCLogFileSize, 8*K);
1963     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
1964                 "GCLogFileSize changed to minimum 8K\n");
1965   }
1966 }
1967 
1968 // This function is called for -Xloggc:<filename>, it can be used
1969 // to check if a given file name(or string) conforms to the following
1970 // specification:
1971 // A valid string only contains "[A-Z][a-z][0-9].-_%[p|t]"
1972 // %p and %t only allowed once. We only limit usage of filename not path
1973 bool is_filename_valid(const char *file_name) {
1974   const char* p = file_name;
1975   char file_sep = os::file_separator()[0];
1976   const char* cp;
1977   // skip prefix path
1978   for (cp = file_name; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
1979     if (*cp == '/' || *cp == file_sep) {
1980       p = cp + 1;
1981     }
1982   }
1983 
1984   int count_p = 0;
1985   int count_t = 0;
1986   while (*p != '\0') {
1987     if ((*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') ||
1988         (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') ||
1989         (*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z') ||
1990          *p == '-'               ||
1991          *p == '_'               ||
1992          *p == '.') {
1993        p++;
1994        continue;
1995     }
1996     if (*p == '%') {
1997       if(*(p + 1) == 'p') {
1998         p += 2;
1999         count_p ++;
2000         continue;
2001       }
2002       if (*(p + 1) == 't') {
2003         p += 2;
2004         count_t ++;
2005         continue;
2006       }
2007     }
2008     return false;
2009   }
2010   return count_p < 2 && count_t < 2;
2011 }
2012 
2013 bool Arguments::verify_MinHeapFreeRatio(FormatBuffer<80>& err_msg, uintx min_heap_free_ratio) {
2014   if (!is_percentage(min_heap_free_ratio)) {
2015     err_msg.print("MinHeapFreeRatio must have a value between 0 and 100");
2016     return false;
2017   }
2018   if (min_heap_free_ratio > MaxHeapFreeRatio) {
2019     err_msg.print("MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
2020                   "equal to MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")", min_heap_free_ratio,
2021                   MaxHeapFreeRatio);
2022     return false;
2023   }
2024   return true;
2025 }
2026 
2027 bool Arguments::verify_MaxHeapFreeRatio(FormatBuffer<80>& err_msg, uintx max_heap_free_ratio) {
2028   if (!is_percentage(max_heap_free_ratio)) {
2029     err_msg.print("MaxHeapFreeRatio must have a value between 0 and 100");
2030     return false;
2031   }
2032   if (max_heap_free_ratio < MinHeapFreeRatio) {
2033     err_msg.print("MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be greater than or "
2034                   "equal to MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")", max_heap_free_ratio,
2035                   MinHeapFreeRatio);
2036     return false;
2037   }
2038   return true;
2039 }
2040 
2041 // Check consistency of GC selection
2042 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency() {
2043   check_gclog_consistency();
2044   bool status = true;
2045   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
2046   // of collectors. [Note: this check is merely a user convenience;
2047   // collectors over-ride each other so that only a non-conflicting
2048   // set is selected; however what the user gets is not what they
2049   // may have expected from the combination they asked for. It's
2050   // better to reduce user confusion by not allowing them to
2051   // select conflicting combinations.
2052   uint i = 0;
2053   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
2054   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParNewGC) i++;
2055   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
2056   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
2057   if (i > 1) {
2058     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2059                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
2060                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
2061                 "allowed\n");
2062     status = false;
2063   }
2064   return status;
2065 }
2066 
2067 void Arguments::check_deprecated_gcs() {
2068   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && !UseParNewGC) {
2069     warning("Using the DefNew young collector with the CMS collector is deprecated "
2070         "and will likely be removed in a future release");
2071   }
2072 
2073   if (UseParNewGC && !UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2074     // !UseConcMarkSweepGC means that we are using serial old gc. Unfortunately we don't
2075     // set up UseSerialGC properly, so that can't be used in the check here.
2076     warning("Using the ParNew young collector with the Serial old collector is deprecated "
2077         "and will likely be removed in a future release");
2078   }
2079 
2080   if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
2081     warning("Using incremental CMS is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release");
2082   }
2083 }
2084 
2085 void Arguments::check_deprecated_gc_flags() {
2086   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(MaxGCMinorPauseMillis)) {
2087     warning("Using MaxGCMinorPauseMillis as minor pause goal is deprecated"
2088             "and will likely be removed in future release");
2089   }
2090   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
2091     warning("DefaultMaxRAMFraction is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release. "
2092         "Use MaxRAMFraction instead.");
2093   }
2094   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection)) {
2095     warning("UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2096   }
2097   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CMSFullGCsBeforeCompaction)) {
2098     warning("CMSFullGCsBeforeCompaction is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2099   }
2100   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseCMSCollectionPassing)) {
2101     warning("UseCMSCollectionPassing is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2102   }
2103 }
2104 
2105 // Check stack pages settings
2106 bool Arguments::check_stack_pages()
2107 {
2108   bool status = true;
2109   status = status && verify_min_value(StackYellowPages, 1, "StackYellowPages");
2110   status = status && verify_min_value(StackRedPages, 1, "StackRedPages");
2111   // greater stack shadow pages can't generate instruction to bang stack
2112   status = status && verify_interval(StackShadowPages, 1, 50, "StackShadowPages");
2113   return status;
2114 }
2115 
2116 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2117 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2118   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2119   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2120   // before returning an error.
2121   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2122   bool status = true;
2123 
2124   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2125     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2126                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2127                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2128                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2129     status = false;
2130   }
2131 
2132   status = status && verify_interval(AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight, 0, 100,
2133                               "AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight");
2134   status = status && verify_percentage(ThresholdTolerance, "ThresholdTolerance");
2135 
2136   // Divide by bucket size to prevent a large size from causing rollover when
2137   // calculating amount of memory needed to be allocated for the String table.
2138   status = status && verify_interval(StringTableSize, minimumStringTableSize,
2139     (max_uintx / StringTable::bucket_size()), "StringTable size");
2140 
2141   status = status && verify_interval(SymbolTableSize, minimumSymbolTableSize,
2142     (max_uintx / SymbolTable::bucket_size()), "SymbolTable size");
2143 
2144   {
2145     // Using "else if" below to avoid printing two error messages if min > max.
2146     // This will also prevent us from reporting both min>100 and max>100 at the
2147     // same time, but that is less annoying than printing two identical errors IMHO.
2148     FormatBuffer<80> err_msg("%s","");
2149     if (!verify_MinHeapFreeRatio(err_msg, MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
2150       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s\n", err_msg.buffer());
2151       status = false;
2152     } else if (!verify_MaxHeapFreeRatio(err_msg, MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
2153       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s\n", err_msg.buffer());
2154       status = false;
2155     }
2156   }
2157 
2158   // Min/MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio
2159   status = status && verify_percentage(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio, "MinMetaspaceFreeRatio");
2160   status = status && verify_percentage(MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio, "MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio");
2161 
2162   if (MinMetaspaceFreeRatio > MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio) {
2163     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2164                 "MinMetaspaceFreeRatio (%s" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
2165                 "equal to MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio (%s" UINTX_FORMAT ")\n",
2166                 FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio) ? "Default: " : "",
2167                 MinMetaspaceFreeRatio,
2168                 FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio) ? "Default: " : "",
2169                 MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio);
2170     status = false;
2171   }
2172 
2173   // Trying to keep 100% free is not practical
2174   MinMetaspaceFreeRatio = MIN2(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio, (uintx) 99);
2175 
2176   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
2177     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
2178   }
2179 
2180   if (UseParallelOldGC && ParallelOldGCSplitALot) {
2181     // Settings to encourage splitting.
2182     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewRatio)) {
2183       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewRatio, 2);
2184     }
2185     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2186       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2187     }
2188   }
2189 
2190   if (!(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2191     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2192   }
2193 
2194   status = status && verify_percentage(GCHeapFreeLimit, "GCHeapFreeLimit");
2195   status = status && verify_percentage(GCTimeLimit, "GCTimeLimit");
2196   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
2197     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
2198     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2199   }
2200 
2201   status = status && check_gc_consistency();
2202   status = status && check_stack_pages();
2203 
2204   if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
2205     if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2206       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2207                   "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
2208                   "The CMS collector (-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC) must be "
2209                   "selected in order\nto use CMSIncrementalMode.\n");
2210       status = false;
2211     } else {
2212       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycle,
2213                                   "CMSIncrementalDutyCycle");
2214       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin,
2215                                   "CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin");
2216       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor,
2217                                   "CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor");
2218       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalOffset,
2219                                   "CMSIncrementalOffset");
2220       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSExpAvgFactor,
2221                                   "CMSExpAvgFactor");
2222       // If it was not set on the command line, set
2223       // CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction to 1 so icms can initiate cycles early.
2224       if (CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction < 0) {
2225         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction, 1);
2226       }
2227     }
2228   }
2229 
2230   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
2231   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
2232   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
2233   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
2234   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
2235   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
2236   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
2237   // bug 4788986.
2238   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
2239     if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
2240       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
2241               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2242       VerifyDuringStartup = false; // Disable verification at start-up
2243     }
2244 
2245     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
2246       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
2247               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2248       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
2249     }
2250   }
2251 
2252   // Note: only executed in non-PRODUCT mode
2253   if (!UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC &&
2254       (ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent ||
2255        ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses)) {
2256     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2257                 "error: +ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent[AndUnloadsClasses] conflicts"
2258                 " with -UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC");
2259     status = false;
2260   }
2261 
2262   status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCArrayScanChunk, 1, "ParGCArrayScanChunk");
2263 
2264 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
2265   if (UseG1GC) {
2266     status = status && verify_percentage(G1NewSizePercent, "G1NewSizePercent");
2267     status = status && verify_percentage(G1MaxNewSizePercent, "G1MaxNewSizePercent");
2268     status = status && verify_interval(G1NewSizePercent, 0, G1MaxNewSizePercent, "G1NewSizePercent");
2269 
2270     status = status && verify_percentage(InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent,
2271                                          "InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent");
2272     status = status && verify_min_value(G1RefProcDrainInterval, 1,
2273                                         "G1RefProcDrainInterval");
2274     status = status && verify_min_value((intx)G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis, 1,
2275                                         "G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis");
2276     status = status && verify_interval(G1ConcRSHotCardLimit, 0, max_jubyte,
2277                                        "G1ConcRSHotCardLimit");
2278     status = status && verify_interval(G1ConcRSLogCacheSize, 0, 31,
2279                                        "G1ConcRSLogCacheSize");
2280     status = status && verify_interval(StringDeduplicationAgeThreshold, 1, markOopDesc::max_age,
2281                                        "StringDeduplicationAgeThreshold");
2282   }
2283   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2284     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABNumRefills, 1, "CMSOldPLABNumRefills");
2285     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABToleranceFactor, 1, "CMSOldPLABToleranceFactor");
2286     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABMax, 1, "CMSOldPLABMax");
2287     status = status && verify_interval(CMSOldPLABMin, 1, CMSOldPLABMax, "CMSOldPLABMin");
2288 
2289     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSYoungGenPerWorker, 1, "CMSYoungGenPerWorker");
2290 
2291     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSSamplingGrain, 1, "CMSSamplingGrain");
2292     status = status && verify_interval(CMS_SweepWeight, 0, 100, "CMS_SweepWeight");
2293     status = status && verify_interval(CMS_FLSWeight, 0, 100, "CMS_FLSWeight");
2294 
2295     status = status && verify_interval(FLSCoalescePolicy, 0, 4, "FLSCoalescePolicy");
2296 
2297     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSRescanMultiple, 1, "CMSRescanMultiple");
2298     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSConcMarkMultiple, 1, "CMSConcMarkMultiple");
2299 
2300     status = status && verify_interval(CMSPrecleanIter, 0, 9, "CMSPrecleanIter");
2301     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSPrecleanDenominator, 1, "CMSPrecleanDenominator");
2302     status = status && verify_interval(CMSPrecleanNumerator, 0, CMSPrecleanDenominator - 1, "CMSPrecleanNumerator");
2303 
2304     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSBootstrapOccupancy, "CMSBootstrapOccupancy");
2305 
2306     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSPrecleanThreshold, 100, "CMSPrecleanThreshold");
2307 
2308     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration, "CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration");
2309     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSScheduleRemarkSamplingRatio, 1, "CMSScheduleRemarkSamplingRatio");
2310     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSBitMapYieldQuantum, 1, "CMSBitMapYieldQuantum");
2311     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSTriggerRatio, "CMSTriggerRatio");
2312     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIsTooFullPercentage, "CMSIsTooFullPercentage");
2313   }
2314 
2315   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
2316     status = status && verify_interval(ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterMean, 0, 100, "ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterMean");
2317     status = status && verify_interval(ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterStdDev, 0, 100, "ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterStdDev");
2318 
2319     status = status && verify_percentage(YoungGenerationSizeIncrement, "YoungGenerationSizeIncrement");
2320     status = status && verify_percentage(TenuredGenerationSizeIncrement, "TenuredGenerationSizeIncrement");
2321 
2322     status = status && verify_min_value(YoungGenerationSizeSupplementDecay, 1, "YoungGenerationSizeSupplementDecay");
2323     status = status && verify_min_value(TenuredGenerationSizeSupplementDecay, 1, "TenuredGenerationSizeSupplementDecay");
2324 
2325     status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCCardsPerStrideChunk, 1, "ParGCCardsPerStrideChunk");
2326 
2327     status = status && verify_min_value(ParallelOldGCSplitInterval, 0, "ParallelOldGCSplitInterval");
2328   }
2329 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
2330 
2331   status = status && verify_interval(RefDiscoveryPolicy,
2332                                      ReferenceProcessor::DiscoveryPolicyMin,
2333                                      ReferenceProcessor::DiscoveryPolicyMax,
2334                                      "RefDiscoveryPolicy");
2335 
2336   // Limit the lower bound of this flag to 1 as it is used in a division
2337   // expression.
2338   status = status && verify_interval(TLABWasteTargetPercent,
2339                                      1, 100, "TLABWasteTargetPercent");
2340 
2341   status = status && verify_object_alignment();
2342 
2343   status = status && verify_interval(CompressedClassSpaceSize, 1*M, 3*G,
2344                                       "CompressedClassSpaceSize");
2345 
2346   status = status && verify_interval(MarkStackSizeMax,
2347                                   1, (max_jint - 1), "MarkStackSizeMax");
2348   status = status && verify_interval(NUMAChunkResizeWeight, 0, 100, "NUMAChunkResizeWeight");
2349 
2350   status = status && verify_min_value(LogEventsBufferEntries, 1, "LogEventsBufferEntries");
2351 
2352   status = status && verify_min_value(HeapSizePerGCThread, (uintx) os::vm_page_size(), "HeapSizePerGCThread");
2353 
2354   status = status && verify_min_value(GCTaskTimeStampEntries, 1, "GCTaskTimeStampEntries");
2355 
2356   status = status && verify_percentage(ParallelGCBufferWastePct, "ParallelGCBufferWastePct");
2357   status = status && verify_interval(TargetPLABWastePct, 1, 100, "TargetPLABWastePct");
2358 
2359   status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCStridesPerThread, 1, "ParGCStridesPerThread");
2360 
2361   status = status && verify_min_value(MinRAMFraction, 1, "MinRAMFraction");
2362   status = status && verify_min_value(InitialRAMFraction, 1, "InitialRAMFraction");
2363   status = status && verify_min_value(MaxRAMFraction, 1, "MaxRAMFraction");
2364   status = status && verify_min_value(DefaultMaxRAMFraction, 1, "DefaultMaxRAMFraction");
2365 
2366   status = status && verify_interval(AdaptiveTimeWeight, 0, 100, "AdaptiveTimeWeight");
2367   status = status && verify_min_value(AdaptiveSizeDecrementScaleFactor, 1, "AdaptiveSizeDecrementScaleFactor");
2368 
2369   status = status && verify_interval(TLABAllocationWeight, 0, 100, "TLABAllocationWeight");
2370   status = status && verify_min_value(MinTLABSize, 1, "MinTLABSize");
2371   status = status && verify_min_value(TLABRefillWasteFraction, 1, "TLABRefillWasteFraction");
2372 
2373   status = status && verify_percentage(YoungGenerationSizeSupplement, "YoungGenerationSizeSupplement");
2374   status = status && verify_percentage(TenuredGenerationSizeSupplement, "TenuredGenerationSizeSupplement");
2375 
2376   status = status && verify_interval(MaxTenuringThreshold, 0, markOopDesc::max_age + 1, "MaxTenuringThreshold");
2377   status = status && verify_interval(InitialTenuringThreshold, 0, MaxTenuringThreshold, "InitialTenuringThreshold");
2378   status = status && verify_percentage(TargetSurvivorRatio, "TargetSurvivorRatio");
2379   status = status && verify_percentage(MarkSweepDeadRatio, "MarkSweepDeadRatio");
2380 
2381   status = status && verify_min_value(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount, 1, "MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount");
2382 #ifdef COMPILER1
2383   status = status && verify_min_value(ValueMapInitialSize, 1, "ValueMapInitialSize");
2384 #endif
2385 
2386   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2387 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2388     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == MemTracker::NMT_off) {
2389 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2390       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2391       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2392 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2393     }
2394 #endif
2395   }
2396 
2397   // Need to limit the extent of the padding to reasonable size.
2398   // 8K is well beyond the reasonable HW cache line size, even with the
2399   // aggressive prefetching, while still leaving the room for segregating
2400   // among the distinct pages.
2401   if (ContendedPaddingWidth < 0 || ContendedPaddingWidth > 8192) {
2402     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2403                 "ContendedPaddingWidth=" INTX_FORMAT " must be in between %d and %d\n",
2404                 ContendedPaddingWidth, 0, 8192);
2405     status = false;
2406   }
2407 
2408   // Need to enforce the padding not to break the existing field alignments.
2409   // It is sufficient to check against the largest type size.
2410   if ((ContendedPaddingWidth % BytesPerLong) != 0) {
2411     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2412                 "ContendedPaddingWidth=" INTX_FORMAT " must be a multiple of %d\n",
2413                 ContendedPaddingWidth, BytesPerLong);
2414     status = false;
2415   }
2416 
2417   // Check lower bounds of the code cache
2418   // Template Interpreter code is approximately 3X larger in debug builds.
2419   uint min_code_cache_size = (CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace DEBUG_ONLY(* 3)) + CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace;
2420   if (InitialCodeCacheSize < (uintx)os::vm_page_size()) {
2421     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2422                 "Invalid InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %dK.\n", InitialCodeCacheSize/K,
2423                 os::vm_page_size()/K);
2424     status = false;
2425   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < InitialCodeCacheSize) {
2426     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2427                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize: %dK. Must be at least InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK.\n",
2428                 ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2429     status = false;
2430   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2431     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2432                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/K,
2433                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2434     status = false;
2435   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize > 2*G) {
2436     // Code cache size larger than MAXINT is not supported.
2437     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2438                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dM. Must be at most %uM.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/M,
2439                 (2*G)/M);
2440     status = false;
2441   }
2442 
2443   status &= verify_interval(NmethodSweepFraction, 1, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, "NmethodSweepFraction");
2444   status &= verify_interval(NmethodSweepActivity, 0, 2000, "NmethodSweepActivity");
2445   status &= verify_interval(CodeCacheMinBlockLength, 1, 100, "CodeCacheMinBlockLength");
2446   status &= verify_interval(CodeCacheSegmentSize, 1, 1024, "CodeCacheSegmentSize");
2447 
2448   int min_number_of_compiler_threads = get_min_number_of_compiler_threads();
2449   // The default CICompilerCount's value is CI_COMPILER_COUNT.
2450   assert(min_number_of_compiler_threads <= CI_COMPILER_COUNT, "minimum should be less or equal default number");
2451   // Check the minimum number of compiler threads
2452   status &=verify_min_value(CICompilerCount, min_number_of_compiler_threads, "CICompilerCount");
2453 
2454   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount) && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCountPerCPU) && CICompilerCountPerCPU) {
2455     warning("The VM option CICompilerCountPerCPU overrides CICompilerCount.");
2456   }
2457 
2458   return status;
2459 }
2460 
2461 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2462   const char* option_type) {
2463   if (ignore) return false;
2464 
2465   const char* spacer = " ";
2466   if (option_type == NULL) {
2467     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2468   }
2469 
2470   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
2471     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2472                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2473       option->optionString);
2474     return false;
2475   } else {
2476     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2477                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2478       option->optionString);
2479     return true;
2480   }
2481 }
2482 
2483 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2484   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2485 };
2486 
2487 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2488   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2489 };
2490 
2491 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
2492 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
2493 // the option must match exactly.
2494 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
2495   bool tail_allowed) {
2496   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
2497     if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
2498       if (**tail == '\0' || tail_allowed && **tail == ':') {
2499         return true;
2500       }
2501     }
2502   }
2503   return false;
2504 }
2505 
2506 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2507                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2508                             uintx min_size) {
2509 
2510   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
2511   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2512 
2513   if (value_is_positive) {
2514     julong n;
2515     bool good_return = atomull(value, &n);
2516     if (good_return) {
2517       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2518       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2519 
2520       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2521         *uintx_arg = n;
2522         return true;
2523       }
2524     }
2525   }
2526   return false;
2527 }
2528 
2529 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2530                                                   julong* long_arg,
2531                                                   julong min_size) {
2532   if (!atomull(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2533   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size);
2534 }
2535 
2536 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2537 
2538 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
2539   // For components of the system classpath.
2540   SysClassPath scp(Arguments::get_sysclasspath());
2541   bool scp_assembly_required = false;
2542 
2543   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2544   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2545   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2546   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2547   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2548 
2549   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2550   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2551 
2552   // Parse JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment variable (if present)
2553   jint result = parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
2554   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2555     return result;
2556   }
2557 
2558   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in
2559   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, Flag::COMMAND_LINE);
2560   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2561     return result;
2562   }
2563 
2564   // Parse _JAVA_OPTIONS environment variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2565   result = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
2566   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2567     return result;
2568   }
2569 
2570   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2571   result = finalize_vm_init_args(&scp, scp_assembly_required);
2572   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2573     return result;
2574   }
2575 
2576   return JNI_OK;
2577 }
2578 
2579 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2580 // represents a valid HPROF of JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2581 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2582 // -agentlib
2583 bool valid_hprof_or_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2584   char *_name;
2585   const char *_hprof = "hprof", *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2586   size_t _len_hprof, _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2587 
2588   if (is_path) {
2589     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2590       return false;
2591     }
2592 
2593     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2594     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2595 
2596     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2597       return false;
2598     }
2599 
2600     _name += _len_prefix;
2601     _len_hprof = strlen(_hprof);
2602     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2603 
2604     if (strncmp(_name, _hprof, _len_hprof) == 0) {
2605       _name += _len_hprof;
2606     }
2607     else if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2608       _name += _len_jdwp;
2609     }
2610     else {
2611       return false;
2612     }
2613 
2614     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2615       return false;
2616     }
2617 
2618     return true;
2619   }
2620 
2621   if (strcmp(name, _hprof) == 0 || strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2622     return true;
2623   }
2624 
2625   return false;
2626 }
2627 
2628 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
2629                                        SysClassPath* scp_p,
2630                                        bool* scp_assembly_required_p,
2631                                        Flag::Flags origin) {
2632   // Remaining part of option string
2633   const char* tail;
2634 
2635   // iterate over arguments
2636   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2637     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2638 
2639     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2640 
2641     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2642         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2643         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2644 
2645         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2646         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2647         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2648         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2649         // string constant object.
2650         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2651     }
2652 
2653     // -verbose:[class/gc/jni]
2654     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2655       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2656         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassLoading, true);
2657         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
2658       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2659         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
2660       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2661         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true);
2662       }
2663     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2664     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2665     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2666     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2667       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2668       if (*tail == '\0') {
2669         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2670       } else {
2671         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2672         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2673       }
2674     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2675     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2676       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2677       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2678     // -bootclasspath:
2679     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2680       scp_p->reset_path(tail);
2681       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2682     // -bootclasspath/a:
2683     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2684       scp_p->add_suffix(tail);
2685       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2686     // -bootclasspath/p:
2687     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2688       scp_p->add_prefix(tail);
2689       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2690     // -Xrun
2691     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2692       if (tail != NULL) {
2693         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2694         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2695         char* name = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2696         name[len] = '\0';
2697 
2698         char *options = NULL;
2699         if(pos != NULL) {
2700           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2701           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtInternal), pos+1, len2);
2702         }
2703 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2704         if ((strcmp(name, "hprof") == 0) || (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0)) {
2705           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2706             "Profiling and debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2707           return JNI_ERR;
2708         }
2709 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2710         add_init_library(name, options);
2711       }
2712     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2713     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2714           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2715       if(tail != NULL) {
2716         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2717         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2718         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2719         name[len] = '\0';
2720 
2721         char *options = NULL;
2722         if(pos != NULL) {
2723           options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(pos + 1) + 1, mtInternal), pos + 1);
2724         }
2725 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2726         if (valid_hprof_or_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2727           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2728             "Profiling and debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2729           return JNI_ERR;
2730         }
2731 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2732         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2733       }
2734     // -javaagent
2735     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2736 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2737       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2738         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2739       return JNI_ERR;
2740 #else
2741       if(tail != NULL) {
2742         char *options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(tail) + 1, mtInternal), tail);
2743         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
2744       }
2745 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2746     // -Xnoclassgc
2747     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc", &tail)) {
2748       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false);
2749     // -Xincgc: i-CMS
2750     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xincgc", &tail)) {
2751       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
2752       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, true);
2753     // -Xnoincgc: no i-CMS
2754     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoincgc", &tail)) {
2755       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
2756       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, false);
2757     // -Xconcgc
2758     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc", &tail)) {
2759       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
2760     // -Xnoconcgc
2761     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc", &tail)) {
2762       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
2763     // -Xbatch
2764     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch", &tail)) {
2765       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2766     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2767     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2768       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2769       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2770       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2771         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2772                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2773         describe_range_error(errcode);
2774         return JNI_EINVAL;
2775       }
2776       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, (uintx)long_initial_young_size);
2777       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize, (uintx)long_initial_young_size);
2778     // -Xms
2779     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2780       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2781       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2782       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2783       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2784         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2785                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2786         describe_range_error(errcode);
2787         return JNI_EINVAL;
2788       }
2789       set_min_heap_size((uintx)long_initial_heap_size);
2790       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2791       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2792       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, InitialHeapSize, (uintx)long_initial_heap_size);
2793     // -Xmx
2794     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2795       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2796       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2797       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2798         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2799                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2800         describe_range_error(errcode);
2801         return JNI_EINVAL;
2802       }
2803       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx)long_max_heap_size);
2804     // Xmaxf
2805     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2806       char* err;
2807       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2808       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0' || maxf < 0 || maxf > 100) {
2809         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2810                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2811                     option->optionString);
2812         return JNI_EINVAL;
2813       } else {
2814         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf);
2815       }
2816     // Xminf
2817     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2818       char* err;
2819       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2820       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0' || minf < 0 || minf > 100) {
2821         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2822                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2823                     option->optionString);
2824         return JNI_EINVAL;
2825       } else {
2826         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf);
2827       }
2828     // -Xss
2829     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2830       julong long_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2831       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ThreadStackSize, 1000);
2832       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2833         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2834                     "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2835         describe_range_error(errcode);
2836         return JNI_EINVAL;
2837       }
2838       // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2839       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize,
2840                               round_to((int)long_ThreadStackSize, K) / K);
2841     // -Xoss
2842     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoss", &tail)) {
2843           // HotSpot does not have separate native and Java stacks, ignore silently for compatibility
2844     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CodeCacheExpansionSize=", &tail)) {
2845       julong long_CodeCacheExpansionSize = 0;
2846       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_CodeCacheExpansionSize, os::vm_page_size());
2847       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2848         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2849                    "Invalid argument: %s. Must be at least %luK.\n", option->optionString,
2850                    os::vm_page_size()/K);
2851         return JNI_EINVAL;
2852       }
2853       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CodeCacheExpansionSize, (uintx)long_CodeCacheExpansionSize);
2854     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2855                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2856       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2857 
2858       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2859       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2860         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2861                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2862         return JNI_EINVAL;
2863       }
2864       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize);
2865       //-XX:IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt=
2866       } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt=", &tail)) {
2867         uintx uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt = 0;
2868         if (!parse_uintx(tail, &uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt, 0) || uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt > 99) {
2869           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2870                       "Invalid value for IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt: %s. Should be between 0 and 99.\n",
2871                       option->optionString);
2872           return JNI_EINVAL;
2873         }
2874         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt, (uintx)uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt);
2875     // -green
2876     } else if (match_option(option, "-green", &tail)) {
2877       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2878                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2879           return JNI_EINVAL;
2880     // -native
2881     } else if (match_option(option, "-native", &tail)) {
2882           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2883     // -Xsqnopause
2884     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xsqnopause", &tail)) {
2885           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
2886     // -Xrs
2887     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs", &tail)) {
2888           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2889       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true);
2890     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xusealtsigs", &tail)) {
2891           // change default internal VM signals used - lower case for back compat
2892       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseAltSigs, true);
2893     // -Xoptimize
2894     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoptimize", &tail)) {
2895           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
2896     // -Xprof
2897     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof", &tail)) {
2898 #if INCLUDE_FPROF
2899       _has_profile = true;
2900 #else // INCLUDE_FPROF
2901       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2902         "Flat profiling is not supported in this VM.\n");
2903       return JNI_ERR;
2904 #endif // INCLUDE_FPROF
2905     // -Xconcurrentio
2906     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio", &tail)) {
2907       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true);
2908       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2909       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1);
2910       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
2911       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K);  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
2912 
2913       // -Xinternalversion
2914     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion", &tail)) {
2915       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2916                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2917       vm_exit(0);
2918 #ifndef PRODUCT
2919     // -Xprintflags
2920     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags", &tail)) {
2921       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
2922       vm_exit(0);
2923 #endif
2924     // -D
2925     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2926       if (!add_property(tail)) {
2927         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2928       }
2929       // Out of the box management support
2930       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
2931 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2932         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true);
2933 #else
2934         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2935           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
2936         return JNI_ERR;
2937 #endif
2938       }
2939     // -Xint
2940     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint", &tail)) {
2941           set_mode_flags(_int);
2942     // -Xmixed
2943     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed", &tail)) {
2944           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2945     // -Xcomp
2946     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp", &tail)) {
2947       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
2948           set_mode_flags(_comp);
2949     // -Xshare:dump
2950     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump", &tail)) {
2951       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true);
2952       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
2953     // -Xshare:on
2954     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on", &tail)) {
2955       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
2956       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true);
2957     // -Xshare:auto
2958     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto", &tail)) {
2959       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
2960       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
2961     // -Xshare:off
2962     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off", &tail)) {
2963       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false);
2964       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
2965     // -Xverify
2966     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
2967       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
2968         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true);
2969         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
2970       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
2971         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
2972         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
2973       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2974         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
2975         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false);
2976       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2977         return JNI_EINVAL;
2978       }
2979     // -Xdebug
2980     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug", &tail)) {
2981       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
2982       set_xdebug_mode(true);
2983     // -Xnoagent
2984     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent", &tail)) {
2985       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
2986     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xboundthreads", &tail)) {
2987       // Bind user level threads to kernel threads (Solaris only)
2988       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseBoundThreads, true);
2989     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
2990       // Redirect GC output to the file. -Xloggc:<filename>
2991       // ostream_init_log(), when called will use this filename
2992       // to initialize a fileStream.
2993       _gc_log_filename = strdup(tail);
2994      if (!is_filename_valid(_gc_log_filename)) {
2995        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2996                   "Invalid file name for use with -Xloggc: Filename can only contain the "
2997                   "characters [A-Z][a-z][0-9]-_.%%[p|t] but it has been %s\n"
2998                   "Note %%p or %%t can only be used once\n", _gc_log_filename);
2999         return JNI_EINVAL;
3000       }
3001       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
3002       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGCTimeStamps, true);
3003 
3004     // JNI hooks
3005     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
3006       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
3007 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3008         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
3009 #else
3010         CheckJNICalls = true;
3011 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3012       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
3013                                      "check")) {
3014         return JNI_EINVAL;
3015       }
3016     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf", &tail)) {
3017       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3018     } else if (match_option(option, "exit", &tail)) {
3019       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3020     } else if (match_option(option, "abort", &tail)) {
3021       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3022     // -XX:+AggressiveHeap
3023     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AggressiveHeap", &tail)) {
3024 
3025       // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
3026       // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
3027       // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
3028       // amounts of cpu and memory.
3029 
3030       // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
3031       // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
3032       // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
3033       // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
3034       // calculations.
3035       julong initHeapSize;
3036       julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
3037 
3038       if (total_memory < (julong)256*M) {
3039         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3040                     "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
3041         vm_exit(1);
3042       }
3043 
3044       // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
3045       // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
3046       // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
3047       // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
3048 
3049       initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong)2,
3050                           total_memory - (julong)160*M);
3051 
3052       initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
3053 
3054       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
3055          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize);
3056          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize);
3057          // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
3058          set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
3059       }
3060       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
3061          // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
3062          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize,
3063                                 ((julong)MaxHeapSize / (julong)8) * (julong)3);
3064          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, NewSize);
3065       }
3066 
3067 #ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD.
3068       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
3069 #endif
3070 
3071       // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
3072       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize);
3073       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
3074       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, 256*K);
3075 
3076       // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
3077       // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
3078       // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
3079       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, 256*K);      // Note: this is in words
3080 
3081       // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
3082       // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
3083       // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
3084       // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
3085       // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
3086       // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
3087       // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
3088       // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
3089       // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
3090       // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
3091       // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
3092       // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
3093       // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
3094       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, 8*K);  // Note: this is in words
3095 
3096       // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
3097       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
3098       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
3099                        Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
3100 
3101       // Encourage steady state memory management
3102       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100);
3103 
3104       // This appears to improve mutator locality
3105       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
3106 
3107       // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
3108       // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
3109       // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
3110       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true);
3111 
3112     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
3113     // and the last option wins.
3114     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure", &tail)) {
3115       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true);
3116       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false);
3117       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1);
3118     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure", &tail)) {
3119       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
3120       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true);
3121       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0);
3122     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
3123       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
3124       if(!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
3125         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3126                     "Invalid MaxTenuringThreshold: %s\n", option->optionString);
3127       }
3128       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh);
3129 
3130       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
3131         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
3132         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true);
3133       } else {
3134         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
3135         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false);
3136       }
3137     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail) ||
3138                match_option(option, "-XX:-CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail)) {
3139       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3140         "Please use CMSClassUnloadingEnabled in place of "
3141         "CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled in the future\n");
3142     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
3143       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, true);
3144       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3145         "Please use -XX:+UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
3146         "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
3147     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
3148       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
3149       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3150         "Please use -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
3151         "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
3152     // The TLE options are for compatibility with 1.3 and will be
3153     // removed without notice in a future release.  These options
3154     // are not to be documented.
3155     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTLERatio=", &tail)) {
3156       // No longer used.
3157     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
3158       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, true);
3159     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
3160       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
3161     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintTLE", &tail)) {
3162       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, true);
3163     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintTLE", &tail)) {
3164       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, false);
3165     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEFragmentationRatio=", &tail)) {
3166       // No longer used.
3167     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLESize=", &tail)) {
3168       julong long_tlab_size = 0;
3169       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_tlab_size, 1);
3170       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3171         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3172                     "Invalid TLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3173         describe_range_error(errcode);
3174         return JNI_EINVAL;
3175       }
3176       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, long_tlab_size);
3177     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEThreadRatio=", &tail)) {
3178       // No longer used.
3179     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseTLE", &tail)) {
3180       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, true);
3181     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseTLE", &tail)) {
3182       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
3183     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr", &tail)) {
3184       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false);
3185       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true);
3186     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout", &tail)) {
3187       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false);
3188       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true);
3189     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes", &tail)) {
3190 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3191       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true);
3192       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true);
3193       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true);
3194       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true);
3195 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3196       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3197                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
3198       return JNI_EINVAL;
3199 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3200 #ifdef ASSERT
3201     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot", &tail)) {
3202       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true);
3203       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
3204       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
3205 #endif
3206     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
3207       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
3208       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
3209       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3210         "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3211         "-XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
3212     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
3213       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
3214       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
3215       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3216         "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3217         "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
3218     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
3219       julong old_plab_size = 0;
3220       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &old_plab_size, 1);
3221       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3222         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3223                     "Invalid old PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3224         describe_range_error(errcode);
3225         return JNI_EINVAL;
3226       }
3227       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, old_plab_size);
3228       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3229                   "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3230                   "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
3231     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
3232       julong young_plab_size = 0;
3233       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &young_plab_size, 1);
3234       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3235         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3236                     "Invalid young PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3237         describe_range_error(errcode);
3238         return JNI_EINVAL;
3239       }
3240       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, young_plab_size);
3241       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3242                   "Please use -XX:YoungPLABSize in place of "
3243                   "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
3244     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSize=", &tail) ||
3245                match_option(option, "-XX:G1MarkStackSize=", &tail)) {
3246       julong stack_size = 0;
3247       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &stack_size, 1);
3248       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3249         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3250                     "Invalid mark stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3251         describe_range_error(errcode);
3252         return JNI_EINVAL;
3253       }
3254       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MarkStackSize, stack_size);
3255     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSizeMax=", &tail)) {
3256       julong max_stack_size = 0;
3257       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_stack_size, 1);
3258       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3259         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3260                     "Invalid maximum mark stack size: %s\n",
3261                     option->optionString);
3262         describe_range_error(errcode);
3263         return JNI_EINVAL;
3264       }
3265       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MarkStackSizeMax, max_stack_size);
3266     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelMarkingThreads=", &tail) ||
3267                match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelCMSThreads=", &tail)) {
3268       uintx conc_threads = 0;
3269       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &conc_threads, 1)) {
3270         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3271                     "Invalid concurrent threads: %s\n", option->optionString);
3272         return JNI_EINVAL;
3273       }
3274       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ConcGCThreads, conc_threads);
3275     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=", &tail)) {
3276       julong max_direct_memory_size = 0;
3277       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_direct_memory_size, 0);
3278       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3279         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3280                     "Invalid maximum direct memory size: %s\n",
3281                     option->optionString);
3282         describe_range_error(errcode);
3283         return JNI_EINVAL;
3284       }
3285       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxDirectMemorySize, max_direct_memory_size);
3286 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3287     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer", &tail)) {
3288         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3289           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
3290         return JNI_ERR;
3291 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3292     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
3293       // Skip -XX:Flags= since that case has already been handled
3294       if (strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) {
3295         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
3296           return JNI_EINVAL;
3297         }
3298       }
3299     // Unknown option
3300     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3301       return JNI_ERR;
3302     }
3303   }
3304 
3305   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
3306   // when working with older JDKs.
3307 #ifdef LINUX
3308  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
3309       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
3310     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
3311   }
3312 #endif // LINUX
3313   return JNI_OK;
3314 }
3315 
3316 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool scp_assembly_required) {
3317   // This must be done after all -D arguments have been processed.
3318   scp_p->expand_endorsed();
3319 
3320   if (scp_assembly_required || scp_p->get_endorsed() != NULL) {
3321     // Assemble the bootclasspath elements into the final path.
3322     Arguments::set_sysclasspath(scp_p->combined_path());
3323   }
3324 
3325   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3326   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3327   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3328     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3329     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3330     // not specified.
3331     set_mode_flags(_int);
3332   }
3333   if (CompileThreshold == 0) {
3334     set_mode_flags(_int);
3335   }
3336 
3337   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3338   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3339     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3340   }
3341 
3342 #ifndef COMPILER2
3343   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3344   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3345       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3346     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3347     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3348     // Java heap and the code cache.
3349     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3350   }
3351 
3352 #else
3353   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
3354     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
3355   }
3356 #endif
3357 
3358 #ifndef TIERED
3359   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3360   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation, "TieredCompilation");
3361 #endif
3362 
3363   // If we are running in a headless jre, force java.awt.headless property
3364   // to be true unless the property has already been set.
3365   // Also allow the OS environment variable JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS to set headless state.
3366   if (os::is_headless_jre()) {
3367     const char* headless = Arguments::get_property("java.awt.headless");
3368     if (headless == NULL) {
3369       char envbuffer[128];
3370       if (!os::getenv("JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS", envbuffer, sizeof(envbuffer))) {
3371         if (!add_property("java.awt.headless=true")) {
3372           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3373         }
3374       } else {
3375         char buffer[256];
3376         strcpy(buffer, "java.awt.headless=");
3377         strcat(buffer, envbuffer);
3378         if (!add_property(buffer)) {
3379           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3380         }
3381       }
3382     }
3383   }
3384 
3385   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3386     return JNI_ERR;
3387   }
3388 
3389   return JNI_OK;
3390 }
3391 
3392 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3393   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", scp_p,
3394                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
3395 }
3396 
3397 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3398   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", scp_p,
3399                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
3400 }
3401 
3402 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name, SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3403   const int N_MAX_OPTIONS = 64;
3404   const int OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
3405   char buffer[OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE];
3406 
3407   // The variable will be ignored if it exceeds the length of the buffer.
3408   // Don't check this variable if user has special privileges
3409   // (e.g. unix su command).
3410   if (os::getenv(name, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) &&
3411       !os::have_special_privileges()) {
3412     JavaVMOption options[N_MAX_OPTIONS];      // Construct option array
3413     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3414                 "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3415     char* rd = buffer;                        // pointer to the input string (rd)
3416     int i;
3417     for (i = 0; i < N_MAX_OPTIONS;) {         // repeat for all options in the input string
3418       while (isspace(*rd)) rd++;              // skip whitespace
3419       if (*rd == 0) break;                    // we re done when the input string is read completely
3420 
3421       // The output, option string, overwrites the input string.
3422       // Because of quoting, the pointer to the option string (wrt) may lag the pointer to
3423       // input string (rd).
3424       char* wrt = rd;
3425 
3426       options[i++].optionString = wrt;        // Fill in option
3427       while (*rd != 0 && !isspace(*rd)) {     // unquoted strings terminate with a space or NULL
3428         if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3429           int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3430           rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3431           while (*rd != quote) {              // include everything (even spaces) up until quote
3432             if (*rd == 0) {                   // string termination means unmatched string
3433               jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3434                           "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3435               return JNI_ERR;
3436             }
3437             *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3438           }
3439           rd++;                               // don't copy close quote
3440         } else {
3441           *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3442         }
3443       }
3444       // Need to check if we're done before writing a NULL,
3445       // because the write could be to the byte that rd is pointing to.
3446       if (*rd++ == 0) {
3447         *wrt = 0;
3448         break;
3449       }
3450       *wrt = 0;                               // Zero terminate option
3451     }
3452     // Construct JavaVMInitArgs structure and parse as if it was part of the command line
3453     JavaVMInitArgs vm_args;
3454     vm_args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3455     vm_args.options = options;
3456     vm_args.nOptions = i;
3457     vm_args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3458 
3459     if (PrintVMOptions) {
3460       const char* tail;
3461       for (int i = 0; i < vm_args.nOptions; i++) {
3462         const JavaVMOption *option = vm_args.options + i;
3463         if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3464           logOption(tail);
3465         }
3466       }
3467     }
3468 
3469     return(parse_each_vm_init_arg(&vm_args, scp_p, scp_assembly_required_p, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR));
3470   }
3471   return JNI_OK;
3472 }
3473 
3474 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3475   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3476     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3477       warning("cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3478     }
3479     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3480 #ifdef _LP64
3481     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3482       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3483         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3484     }
3485   } else {
3486     // UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.
3487     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3488       no_shared_spaces();
3489     }
3490 #endif
3491   }
3492 }
3493 
3494 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3495 static void force_serial_gc() {
3496   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSerialGC, true);
3497   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSIncrementalMode, false);  // special CMS suboption
3498   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseG1GC);
3499   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelGC);
3500   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelOldGC);
3501   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseConcMarkSweepGC);
3502   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParNewGC);
3503 }
3504 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3505 
3506 // Sharing support
3507 // Construct the path to the archive
3508 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3509   char *shared_archive_path;
3510   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3511     char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3512     os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3513     char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3514     if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3515     size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3516     size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3517     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jvm_path_len +
3518         file_sep_len + 20, mtInternal);
3519     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3520       strncpy(shared_archive_path, jvm_path, jvm_path_len + 1);
3521       strncat(shared_archive_path, os::file_separator(), file_sep_len);
3522       strncat(shared_archive_path, "classes.jsa", 11);
3523     }
3524   } else {
3525     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(SharedArchiveFile) + 1, mtInternal);
3526     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3527       strncpy(shared_archive_path, SharedArchiveFile, strlen(SharedArchiveFile) + 1);
3528     }
3529   }
3530   return shared_archive_path;
3531 }
3532 
3533 #ifndef PRODUCT
3534 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3535 static bool use_vm_log() {
3536   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3537       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3538       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3539       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3540       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3541     return true;
3542   }
3543 
3544 #ifdef COMPILER1
3545   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3546     return true;
3547   }
3548 #endif // COMPILER1
3549 
3550 #ifdef COMPILER2
3551   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3552     return true;
3553   }
3554 #endif // COMPILER2
3555 
3556   return false;
3557 }
3558 #endif // PRODUCT
3559 
3560 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3561 
3562 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3563 
3564   // Remaining part of option string
3565   const char* tail;
3566 
3567   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3568   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3569   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3570   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3571 
3572   const char* flags_file;
3573   int index;
3574   for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3575     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3576     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3577       flags_file = tail;
3578       settings_file_specified = true;
3579     }
3580     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
3581       PrintVMOptions = true;
3582     }
3583     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
3584       PrintVMOptions = false;
3585     }
3586     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", &tail)) {
3587       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3588     }
3589     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", &tail)) {
3590       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3591     }
3592     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial", &tail)) {
3593       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3594       vm_exit(0);
3595     }
3596     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3597 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3598       MemTracker::init_tracking_options(tail);
3599 #else
3600       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3601         "Native Memory Tracking is not supported in this VM\n");
3602       return JNI_ERR;
3603 #endif
3604     }
3605 
3606 
3607 #ifndef PRODUCT
3608     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments", &tail)) {
3609       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, true);
3610       vm_exit(0);
3611     }
3612 #endif
3613   }
3614 
3615   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
3616     // uncast const to modify the flag args->ignoreUnrecognized
3617     *(jboolean*)(&args->ignoreUnrecognized) = true;
3618   }
3619 
3620   // Parse specified settings file
3621   if (settings_file_specified) {
3622     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3623       return JNI_EINVAL;
3624     }
3625   } else {
3626 #ifdef ASSERT
3627     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
3628     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3629       return JNI_EINVAL;
3630     }
3631 #else
3632     struct stat buf;
3633     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
3634       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
3635     }
3636 #endif
3637   }
3638 
3639   if (PrintVMOptions) {
3640     for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3641       const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3642       if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3643         logOption(tail);
3644       }
3645     }
3646   }
3647 
3648   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
3649   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(args);
3650   if (result != JNI_OK) {
3651     return result;
3652   }
3653 
3654   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
3655   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
3656   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
3657     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3658   }
3659 
3660   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
3661   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
3662   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
3663     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
3664             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
3665             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
3666   }
3667 
3668 #ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD.
3669   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages, "-XX:+UseLargePages");
3670 #endif
3671 
3672 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3673   #if (defined JAVASE_EMBEDDED || defined ARM)
3674     UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseG1GC, "G1 GC");
3675   #endif
3676 #endif
3677 
3678 #ifndef PRODUCT
3679   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
3680     TraceBytecodes = true;
3681   }
3682   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
3683     if (UseCounterDecay) {
3684       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
3685       UseCounterDecay = false;
3686     }
3687   }
3688 #endif // PRODUCT
3689 
3690   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
3691     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
3692       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
3693     }
3694     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
3695   }
3696 
3697   if (PrintGCDetails) {
3698     // Turn on -verbose:gc options as well
3699     PrintGC = true;
3700   }
3701 
3702   if (!JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk18x_version()) {
3703     // To avoid changing the log format for 7 updates this flag is only
3704     // true by default in JDK8 and above.
3705     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(PrintGCCause)) {
3706       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintGCCause, false);
3707     }
3708   }
3709 
3710   // Set object alignment values.
3711   set_object_alignment();
3712 
3713 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3714   force_serial_gc();
3715 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3716 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
3717   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
3718     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3719       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
3720     return JNI_ERR;
3721   }
3722   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) || PrintSharedSpaces) {
3723     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
3724     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
3725     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintSharedSpaces, false);
3726   }
3727   no_shared_spaces();
3728 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
3729 
3730   return JNI_OK;
3731 }
3732 
3733 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
3734 
3735   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
3736   set_ergonomics_flags();
3737 
3738   set_shared_spaces_flags();
3739 
3740   // Check the GC selections again.
3741   if (!check_gc_consistency()) {
3742     return JNI_EINVAL;
3743   }
3744 
3745   if (TieredCompilation) {
3746     set_tiered_flags();
3747   } else {
3748     // Check if the policy is valid. Policies 0 and 1 are valid for non-tiered setup.
3749     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= 2) {
3750       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3751         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
3752     }
3753   }
3754   // Set NmethodSweepFraction after the size of the code cache is adapted (in case of tiered)
3755   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NmethodSweepFraction)) {
3756     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(NmethodSweepFraction, 1 + ReservedCodeCacheSize / (16 * M));
3757   }
3758 
3759 
3760   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
3761   set_heap_size();
3762 
3763 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3764   // Set per-collector flags
3765   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
3766     set_parallel_gc_flags();
3767   } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) { // Should be done before ParNew check below
3768     set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
3769   } else if (UseParNewGC) {  // Skipped if CMS is set above
3770     set_parnew_gc_flags();
3771   } else if (UseG1GC) {
3772     set_g1_gc_flags();
3773   }
3774   check_deprecated_gcs();
3775   check_deprecated_gc_flags();
3776   if (AssumeMP && !UseSerialGC) {
3777     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads) && ParallelGCThreads == 1) {
3778       warning("If the number of processors is expected to increase from one, then"
3779               " you should configure the number of parallel GC threads appropriately"
3780               " using -XX:ParallelGCThreads=N");
3781     }
3782   }
3783   if (MinHeapFreeRatio == 100) {
3784     // Keeping the heap 100% free is hard ;-) so limit it to 99%.
3785     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, 99);
3786   }
3787 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3788   assert(verify_serial_gc_flags(), "SerialGC unset");
3789 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3790 
3791   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
3792   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
3793 
3794   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
3795   set_bytecode_flags();
3796 
3797   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled
3798   set_aggressive_opts_flags();
3799 
3800   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
3801   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
3802   // biased locking
3803   if (UseHeavyMonitors
3804 #ifdef COMPILER1
3805       || !UseFastLocking
3806 #endif // COMPILER1
3807     ) {
3808     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
3809       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
3810       // can't enable biased locking here
3811       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
3812               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
3813     }
3814     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3815   }
3816 
3817 #ifdef ZERO
3818   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
3819   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
3820   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
3821   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
3822   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
3823 #endif // CC_INTERP
3824 
3825 #ifdef COMPILER2
3826   if (!EliminateLocks) {
3827     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
3828   }
3829   if (!Inline) {
3830     IncrementalInline = false;
3831   }
3832 #ifndef PRODUCT
3833   if (!IncrementalInline) {
3834     AlwaysIncrementalInline = false;
3835   }
3836 #endif
3837   if (!UseTypeSpeculation && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
3838     // nothing to use the profiling, turn if off
3839     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
3840   }
3841 #endif
3842 
3843   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
3844     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
3845     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
3846   }
3847 
3848   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3849     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
3850   }
3851 
3852 #ifndef PRODUCT
3853   if (CompileTheWorld) {
3854     // Force NmethodSweeper to sweep whole CodeCache each time.
3855     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NmethodSweepFraction)) {
3856       NmethodSweepFraction = 1;
3857     }
3858   }
3859 
3860   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
3861     if (use_vm_log()) {
3862       LogVMOutput = true;
3863     }
3864   }
3865 #endif // PRODUCT
3866 
3867   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
3868     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags(tty);
3869   }
3870 
3871   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
3872   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
3873     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
3874         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
3875       UseBiasedLocking = false;
3876     }
3877   }
3878 #ifdef COMPILER2
3879   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
3880     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
3881   }
3882 #endif
3883 
3884   return JNI_OK;
3885 }
3886 
3887 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
3888   if (UseNUMA) {
3889     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
3890       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
3891          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
3892       }
3893     }
3894     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
3895     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
3896     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
3897     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
3898     // allocation policy for the eden space.
3899     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
3900     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
3901     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
3902     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
3903       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
3904     }
3905   }
3906   return JNI_OK;
3907 }
3908 
3909 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3910   int count = 0;
3911   while(pl != NULL) {
3912     count++;
3913     pl = pl->next();
3914   }
3915   return count;
3916 }
3917 
3918 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
3919   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
3920   SystemProperty* prop;
3921   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
3922     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
3923   }
3924   return NULL;
3925 }
3926 
3927 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
3928   int count = 0;
3929   const char* ret_val = NULL;
3930 
3931   while(pl != NULL) {
3932     if(count >= index) {
3933       ret_val = pl->key();
3934       break;
3935     }
3936     count++;
3937     pl = pl->next();
3938   }
3939 
3940   return ret_val;
3941 }
3942 
3943 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
3944   int count = 0;
3945   char* ret_val = NULL;
3946 
3947   while(pl != NULL) {
3948     if(count >= index) {
3949       ret_val = pl->value();
3950       break;
3951     }
3952     count++;
3953     pl = pl->next();
3954   }
3955 
3956   return ret_val;
3957 }
3958 
3959 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
3960   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
3961   if (p == NULL) {
3962     *plist = new_p;
3963   } else {
3964     while (p->next() != NULL) {
3965       p = p->next();
3966     }
3967     p->set_next(new_p);
3968   }
3969 }
3970 
3971 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v) {
3972   if (plist == NULL)
3973     return;
3974 
3975   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, true);
3976   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
3977 }
3978 
3979 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
3980 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v, jboolean append) {
3981   if (plist == NULL)
3982     return;
3983 
3984   // If property key exist then update with new value.
3985   SystemProperty* prop;
3986   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
3987     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
3988       if (append) {
3989         prop->append_value(v);
3990       } else {
3991         prop->set_value(v);
3992       }
3993       return;
3994     }
3995   }
3996 
3997   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v);
3998 }
3999 
4000 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4001 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4002 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4003 // Notes:
4004 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4005 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4006 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4007 // expanded one.
4008 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4009 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4010                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4011   const char* p = src;
4012   char* b = buf;
4013   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4014   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4015 
4016   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4017     if (*p == '%') {
4018       switch (*(++p)) {
4019       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4020         *b++ = *p++;
4021         break;
4022       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4023         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4024         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4025         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4026         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4027 
4028         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4029         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4030         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4031           return false;
4032         } else {
4033           b += ret;
4034           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4035           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4036             // reach the end of the buffer.
4037             return true;
4038           }
4039         }
4040         p++;
4041         break;
4042       }
4043       default :
4044         *b++ = '%';
4045       }
4046     } else {
4047       *b++ = *p++;
4048     }
4049   }
4050   *b = '\0';
4051   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4052 }